{ "version": "1.3", "profiles": [ { "id": "am-hazor-732", "siteId": "hazor", "title": "Hazor Stratum V — 732 BCE Assyrian destruction archaeomagnetic anchor", "kind": "archaeomagnetic destruction anchor", "eventYear": -732, "campaign": "Tiglath-Pileser III", "material": "Burnt destruction-context mudbrick / fired architectural material", "result": "Hazor provides a historically anchored late-eighth-century field record terminating with the Assyrian destruction of the city. The 2016 Hazor/Megiddo study extends high-precision archaeointensity coverage to the 732 BCE horizon.", "precisionClass": "historically fixed anchor + archaeointensity", "limits": "The calendar year derives from the historical/archaeological attribution of the destruction. Archaeomagnetism records the field at destruction and validates/synchronizes that anchor; it does not independently name the destroyer.", "referenceIds": [ "shaar-hazor-megiddo-2016", "vaknin-campaigns-2022" ], "quantitativeDatasetId": "hazorMegiddo732.hazorV", "sampleCount": 6, "representedSpecimens": 32, "numericSummary": "Hazor V: 6 accepted sample means, 32 represented specimens; B means 67.60–88.15 μT." }, { "id": "am-lachish-701", "siteId": "lachish", "title": "Lachish Level III — 701 BCE Sennacherib destruction archaeomagnetic anchor", "kind": "archaeomagnetic destruction anchor", "eventYear": -701, "campaign": "Sennacherib", "material": "Burnt mudbrick from Level III destruction / gate-area and revetment-wall contexts", "result": "Lachish Level III is the principal 701 BCE archaeomagnetic anchor. The destruction is independently fixed by Assyrian and biblical texts, siege archaeology and reliefs; magnetic results from the destruction provide the field vector/intensity reference for testing other late-eighth-century destructions.", "precisionClass": "exceptionally strong historical + stratigraphic + archaeomagnetic anchor", "limits": "701 BCE is historically fixed. Archaeomagnetic similarity can support synchronization of other burnt sites, but it does not by itself prove those sites were destroyed by Sennacherib.", "referenceIds": [ "vaknin-campaigns-2022", "vaknin-lachish-revetment-2024" ], "quantitativeDatasetId": "lachishLC08", "directionSpecimens": "73/73 accepted across 10 samples", "palaeointensitySpecimens": "24/24 accepted across 8 bricks", "numericSummary": "LC08 brick-level palaeointensity means span 81.93–99.84 μT; direction sample α95 values span 0.9–2.6°.", "numericCaution": "The project retains published brick/sample-level values. It does not reverse-engineer the paper's overall group estimator from the table.", "original2022AnchorStatus": "Verified as the fixed 701 BCE gate-area magnetic reference in Vaknin et al. 2022; original supplementary group values pending clean transcription.", "studyGroupId": "pnas-lachish-iii-701" }, { "id": "am-732-north-pair", "siteId": "regional", "title": "Bethsaida + Tel Kinnerot — 733/732 BCE archaeomagnetic synchronization pair", "kind": "archaeomagnetic cross-site synchronization", "eventYear": -732, "campaign": "Tiglath-Pileser III", "material": "Burnt destruction-layer mudbrick", "result": "The 2022 study reports agreement between archaeointensity results from Bethsaida and Tel Kinnerot, reinforcing their concurrent destruction during the 733–732 BCE Assyrian campaign.", "precisionClass": "strong historically attributed pair + magnetic agreement", "limits": "The magnetic agreement reinforces concurrency; the campaign attribution also depends on the archaeological/historical context.", "referenceIds": [ "vaknin-campaigns-2022" ] }, { "id": "am-701-judah-cluster", "siteId": "regional", "title": "701 BCE Judah destruction cluster — magnetic comparison", "kind": "archaeomagnetic cross-site synchronization", "eventYear": -701, "campaign": "Sennacherib", "material": "Burnt mudbrick / destruction-context fired material", "result": "Archaeomagnetic results support inclusion of Tel Beersheba, Tel Zayit Level XI and Tell Beit Mirsim in the 701 BCE destruction cluster, with Tel Eton also considered a probable late-eighth-century Assyrian destruction despite only marginal directional overlap with Lachish III.", "precisionClass": "Lachish fixed anchor + magnetically tested candidate sites", "limits": "Candidate sites are not all equally secure. Tel Eton remains less certain than Lachish and should stay 'probable' rather than 'fixed 701 BCE'.", "referenceIds": [ "vaknin-campaigns-2022" ] }, { "id": "am-megiddo-h03-732", "siteId": "megiddo", "title": "Megiddo H-03 — 732 BCE Assyrian destruction archaeointensity anchor", "kind": "archaeomagnetic destruction anchor", "eventYear": -732, "campaign": "Tiglath-Pileser III", "material": "Pottery from H-03 destruction horizon", "result": "Megiddo H-03 provides the contemporary 732 BCE comparison to Hazor V in Shaar et al. 2016, with six accepted sample-level paleointensity means.", "precisionClass": "historically fixed anchor + archaeointensity", "limits": "The exact year is historically anchored; paleointensity characterizes the field and supports cross-site synchrony rather than identifying the destroyer independently.", "referenceIds": [ "shaar-hazor-megiddo-2016" ], "quantitativeDatasetId": "hazorMegiddo732.megiddoH03", "sampleCount": 6, "representedSpecimens": 34, "numericSummary": "Megiddo H-03: 6 accepted sample means, 34 represented specimens; B means 75.12–93.44 μT." }, { "id": "am-bethsaida-kinneret-732-pair", "siteId": "regional", "title": "Bethsaida + Tel Kinnerot — 733–732 BCE Assyrian synchronization", "kind": "archaeointensity synchronization pair", "eventYear": -732, "campaign": "Tiglath-Pileser III", "material": "burnt destruction-layer materials", "result": "Published archaeointensity agreement reinforces concurrent destruction during the 733–732 BCE Assyrian campaign.", "precisionClass": "strong historical/archaeological attribution + magnetic agreement", "limits": "Exact group values are deliberately deferred until the supplementary tables are reliably transcribed. The campaign attribution does not derive from magnetism alone.", "referenceIds": [ "vaknin-campaigns-2022" ], "studyGroupId": "pnas-bethsaida-kinneret-732" }, { "id": "am-judah-701-candidates", "siteId": "regional", "title": "701 BCE Judah destruction candidates compared to Lachish III", "kind": "archaeomagnetic campaign synchronization group", "eventYear": -701, "campaign": "Sennacherib", "material": "burnt destruction-context mudbrick / fired materials", "result": "Vaknin et al. argue that Tel Beersheba, Tel Zayit XI and Tell Beit Mirsim belong to the 701 BCE destruction campaign; Tel Eton remains probable and explicitly less secure.", "precisionClass": "magnetically tested candidate group against fixed Lachish anchor", "limits": "Candidate sites are not promoted to the same evidentiary status as Lachish III. Tel Eton remains especially cautious because inclination overlap is marginal.", "referenceIds": [ "vaknin-campaigns-2022" ], "studyGroupId": "pnas-judah-701-candidates" } ], "audit": { "version": "1.0", "profileCount": 7, "historicallyFixedAnchors": 2, "regionalSynchronizationGroups": 2, "methodRule": "Historically fixed burnt destruction layers anchor the magnetic field record. Archaeomagnetic agreement is used to synchronize or test other burnt horizons; it never independently identifies a military agent.", "radiocarbonInteraction": "Late-eighth-century radiocarbon falls on the Hallstatt plateau. 14C therefore supplies broad consistency while historical-stratigraphic and archaeomagnetic evidence provide finer event discrimination.", "quantitativeDatasets": 2, "directionGroupRows": 10, "palaeointensityGroupRows": 8, "representedDirectionSpecimens": 73, "representedPalaeointensitySpecimens": 24, "quantitativeStatus": "Lachish LC08 (701 BCE comparison) and Shaar et al. 2016 Hazor V + Megiddo H-03 (732 BCE) sample-level paleointensity tables are ingested.", "hazor732SampleRows": 6, "megiddo732SampleRows": 6, "hazor732RepresentedSpecimens": 32, "megiddo732RepresentedSpecimens": 34, "campaignStudyDestructionLayers": 20, "campaignStudySites": 17, "campaignStudySamples": 144, "campaignStudySpecimens": 1186, "campaignStudyRepository": "MagIC contribution 19397", "supplementaryExtractionBoundary": "Study-level totals and published synchronization conclusions ingested. Original 2022 group/specimen values for Bethsaida, Kinnerot and Lachish III remain pending clean table recovery." }, "campaignStudy": "BT230-Archaeomagnetic-Vaknin-2022-Campaign-Study.json", "quantitative": { "lachishLC08": "BT230-Archaeomagnetic-Lachish-LC08-Quantitative.json", "hazorMegiddo732": "BT230-Archaeomagnetic-Hazor-Megiddo-732-Quantitative.json" } }