{ "version": "19.0.0", "generated": "2026-07-31", "hypothesisRows": [ { "id": "hypothesis-01", "claim": "Terru = Terah", "coordinate": "c. 1800–1750 BCE", "range": "Terah not independently datable", "role": "Non-controlling project hypothesis", "survives": "Middle Bronze patriarchal setting and later chronology" }, { "id": "hypothesis-02", "claim": "Amraphel = Hammurabi", "coordinate": "c. 1760 BCE", "range": "Old Babylonian horizon", "role": "Non-controlling project hypothesis", "survives": "Genesis 14 contextual comparison" }, { "id": "hypothesis-03", "claim": "Joseph under a Hyksos ruler", "coordinate": "c. 1630–1600 BCE", "range": "Hyksos/eastern-Delta context c. 1650–1550 BCE", "role": "Contextual model", "survives": "Joseph tradition and alternative Egyptian settings" }, { "id": "hypothesis-04", "claim": "Horemheb oppression connection", "coordinate": "c. 1320–1292 BCE", "range": "Documented post-Amarna restoration", "role": "Context only; no causal identification", "survives": "Ramesside Exodus model" }, { "id": "hypothesis-05", "claim": "Moses life coordinates", "coordinate": "c. 1320 / 1285 / 1250 BCE", "range": "Broad pre-Exodus generation", "role": "Representative coordinates", "survives": "Relative life sequence" }, { "id": "hypothesis-06", "claim": "Ramesside Exodus", "coordinate": "c. 1250 BCE", "range": "Preferred c. 1270–1230 BCE", "role": "Adopted historical reconstruction", "survives": "Israel in Canaan by 1208 BCE and mixed ethnogenesis models" }, { "id": "hypothesis-07", "claim": "Joshua settlement sequence", "coordinate": "c. 1215–1195 BCE", "range": "Late Bronze–Iron I transition", "role": "Phased coalition and settlement model", "survives": "Highland settlement and Israelite ethnogenesis" }, { "id": "hypothesis-08", "claim": "Herod dies in 1 BCE", "coordinate": "1 BCE", "range": "4 or 1 BCE", "role": "Minority project chronology", "survives": "Herod’s reign and a broader nativity range" }, { "id": "hypothesis-09", "claim": "September 11, 3 BCE birth", "coordinate": "September 11, 3 BCE", "range": "Broadly c. 6–2 BCE", "role": "Astronomical-theological hypothesis", "survives": "Historical birth before Herod" }, { "id": "hypothesis-10", "claim": "Crucifixion in 30 CE", "coordinate": "April 7, 30 CE", "range": "30 or 33 CE", "role": "Preferred but non-exclusive", "survives": "Friday crucifixion and Sunday discovery" } ], "assumptions": [ { "id": "terru-is-terah", "label": "Terru of Urkesh was Terah", "domain": "Patriarchs", "type": "identity proposal", "description": "The historical Terru attested at Urkesh is identified with Abraham’s father Terah.", "confidence": "speculative", "repairCost": 4, "eventId": "terru-terah", "baselineModelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": true }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "downstream": [], "ruleCount": 1, "relations": { "incoming": [], "outgoing": [ { "from": "terru-is-terah", "to": "abraham-call-date", "type": "depends" } ] }, "eventImpact": { "title": "Terru of Urkesh and a Possible Terah Identification", "coordinate": "c. 1800–1750 BCE", "historicalRange": "Broad 18th-century BCE context; 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[] }, "eventImpact": null, "sourceDetails": [] }, { "id": "merneptah-israel", "label": "Israel was present in Canaan by the Merneptah Stela", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "historical anchor", "description": "The Merneptah Stela places a people called Israel in Canaan by the late thirteenth century BCE.", "confidence": "documented", "repairCost": 5, "eventId": "", "baselineModelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false } ], "downstream": [], "ruleCount": 2, "relations": { "incoming": [], "outgoing": [] }, "eventImpact": null, "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, 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"modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": true } ], "sourceDetails": [] }, { "id": "joseph-date-hyksos", "label": "Joseph’s project date", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "date interval", "description": "Teaching interval used for the Hyksos Joseph model.", "sourceIds": [ "arce-hyksos", "stantis-hyksos" ], "confidence": "model-dependent", "repairCost": 3, "date": { "start": "-1629-01-01", "end": "-1599-12-31", "label": "c. 1630–1600 BCE" }, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [ { "from": "joseph-hyksos", "to": "joseph-date-hyksos", "type": "implies" } ], "rules": [], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "arce-hyksos", "title": "The Hyksos", "publisher": "American Research Center in Egypt", "url": "https://arce.org/resource/hyksos/" }, { "id": "stantis-hyksos", "title": "Strontium isotope evidence for migration at ancient Avaris", "publisher": "PLOS ONE / PubMed Central", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7363063/" } ] }, { "id": "long-sojourn", "label": "The Egyptian sojourn lasted roughly four centuries", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "textual interpretation", "description": "The sojourn chronology is treated as approximately four centuries.", "sourceIds": [ "luke-3" ], "confidence": "model-dependent", "repairCost": 4, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "hyksos-long-early", "title": "Hyksos Joseph and four-century sojourn conflict with 1446 BCE", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "all-accepted", "message": "The selected Hyksos Joseph window leaves far less than four centuries before an early Exodus.", "claims": [ "joseph-hyksos", "long-sojourn", "exodus-early" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "arce-hyksos", "stantis-hyksos", "luke-3" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "luke-3", "title": "luke-3", "publisher": "", "url": "" } ] }, { "id": "zannanza-oppression", "label": "The Zannanza and post-Amarna crisis triggered oppression", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "historical reconstruction", "description": "The 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"category": "support", "severity": "support", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The proposed oppression trigger precedes the late Ramesside Exodus window.", "claims": [ "zannanza-oppression", "exodus-late" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "isac-kadesh" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "arce-ramessides", "title": "The Rise of the Ramessides", "publisher": "American Research Center in Egypt", "url": "https://arce.org/resource/rise-ramessides-how-military-family-nile-delta-founded-one-egypts-most-celebrated/" }, { "id": "isac-kadesh", "title": "The Battle of Kadesh: Egyptian and Hittite Perspectives", "publisher": "Institute for 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1254 BCE dates.", "claims": [ "exodus-early", "exodus-late" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "isac-kadesh" ] }, { "id": "hyksos-long-early", "title": "Hyksos Joseph and four-century sojourn conflict with 1446 BCE", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "all-accepted", "message": "The selected Hyksos Joseph window leaves far less than four centuries before an early Exodus.", "claims": [ "joseph-hyksos", "long-sojourn", "exodus-early" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "arce-hyksos", "stantis-hyksos", "luke-3" ] }, { "id": "rameses-early-needs-editorial", "title": "Early Exodus requires an editorial Rameses hypothesis", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "requires-any", "message": "A contemporary Ramesside place-name cannot be retained in a 1446 BCE Exodus without an editorial-update hypothesis.", "claims": [ "exodus-early", "rameses-contemporary" ], "alternatives": [ "rameses-editorial" ], "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides" ] }, { "id": "zannanza-before-early", "title": "Oppression trigger occurs after the early Exodus", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The proposed Zannanza/post-Amarna trigger must precede the Exodus it is meant to explain.", "claims": [ "zannanza-oppression", "exodus-early" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "isac-kadesh" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "rejected", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": true } ], "sourceDetails": [] }, { "id": "exodus-late", "label": "The Exodus occurred around 1254 BCE", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "date interval", "description": "Late Ramesside Exodus chronology used by the project.", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "isac-kadesh" ], "confidence": "model-dependent", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-1249-07-01", "end": "-1249-07-01", "label": "c. 1254 BCE" }, "tags": [ "project-core" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "exodus", "outgoing": [ { "from": "exodus-late", "to": "entry-late", "type": "derives" } ], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "exclusive-exodus", "title": "Two Exodus dates selected", "category": "hard-logical", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "exclusive", "message": "A single departure cannot occupy both the 1446 BCE and 1254 BCE dates.", "claims": [ "exodus-early", "exodus-late" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "isac-kadesh" ] }, { "id": "zannanza-before-late", "title": "Oppression trigger precedes the late Exodus", "category": "support", "severity": "support", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The proposed oppression trigger precedes the late Ramesside Exodus 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"https://isac.uchicago.edu/article/lecture-robert-ritner-and-theo-van-den-hout-battle-kadesh" } ] }, { "id": "rameses-contemporary", "label": "The Rameses place-name is contemporary", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "textual-historical interpretation", "description": "Exodus refers to a genuinely Ramesside place-name rather than a later editorial update.", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides" ], "confidence": "model-dependent", "repairCost": 4, "tags": [ "project-core" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "rameses-early-needs-editorial", "title": "Early Exodus requires an editorial Rameses hypothesis", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "requires-any", "message": "A contemporary Ramesside place-name cannot be retained in a 1446 BCE Exodus without an editorial-update hypothesis.", "claims": [ "exodus-early", "rameses-contemporary" ], "alternatives": [ "rameses-editorial" ], "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "arce-ramessides", "title": "The Rise of the Ramessides", "publisher": "American Research Center in Egypt", "url": "https://arce.org/resource/rise-ramessides-how-military-family-nile-delta-founded-one-egypts-most-celebrated/" } ] }, { "id": "rameses-editorial", "label": "The Rameses place-name is a later editorial update", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "textual interpretation", "description": "A later scribe updated an older place-name to Rameses for readers.", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides" ], "confidence": "model-dependent", "repairCost": 3, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "rameses-early-needs-editorial", "title": "Early Exodus requires an editorial Rameses hypothesis", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "requires-any", "message": "A contemporary Ramesside place-name cannot be retained in a 1446 BCE Exodus without an editorial-update hypothesis.", "claims": [ "exodus-early", "rameses-contemporary" ], "alternatives": [ "rameses-editorial" ], "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "rejected", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": true } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "arce-ramessides", "title": "The Rise of the Ramessides", "publisher": "American Research Center in Egypt", "url": "https://arce.org/resource/rise-ramessides-how-military-family-nile-delta-founded-one-egypts-most-celebrated/" } ] }, { "id": "wilderness-forty", "label": "The wilderness period lasted forty years", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "duration claim", "description": "The wilderness interval is treated as forty elapsed years.", "sourceIds": [], "confidence": "textual", "repairCost": 4, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus 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"isac-ancient-israel" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "rejected", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [] }, { "id": "entry-late", "label": "Entry into Canaan under the late model", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "derived date interval", "description": "Derived forty-year offset from the late Exodus date.", "sourceIds": [], "confidence": "derived", "repairCost": 2, "derived": { "type": "offset-years", "base": "exodus-late", "min": 40, "max": 40 }, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "jericho-campaign", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [ { "from": "exodus-late", "to": "entry-late", "type": "derives" } ], "rules": [ { "id": "entry-late-before-merneptah", "title": "Late entry must precede Merneptah", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "Entry into Canaan must occur before Israel is attested by Merneptah.", "claims": [ "entry-late", "merneptah-israel" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [] }, { "id": "merneptah-israel", "label": "Israel was present in Canaan by the Merneptah Stela", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "historical anchor", "description": "The Merneptah Stela places a people called Israel in Canaan by the late thirteenth century BCE.", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel" ], "confidence": "documented", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-1207-07-01", "end": "-1207-07-01", "label": "c. 1208 BCE" }, "tags": [ "hard-anchor" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "entry-early-before-merneptah", "title": "Early entry precedes Merneptah", "category": "support", "severity": "support", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The early model leaves a large interval before the Merneptah Stela.", "claims": [ "entry-early", "merneptah-israel" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel" ] }, { "id": "entry-late-before-merneptah", "title": "Late entry must precede Merneptah", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "Entry into Canaan must occur before Israel is attested by Merneptah.", "claims": [ "entry-late", "merneptah-israel" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" } ] }, { "id": "highland-growth", "label": "Major highland settlement growth belongs near 1200 BCE", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "archaeological pattern", "description": "The clearest demographic expansion in the central highlands clusters near the Bronze–Iron transition.", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel" ], "confidence": "strong-context", "repairCost": 3, "date": { "start": "-1224-01-01", "end": "-1174-12-31", "label": "c. 1225–1175 BCE" }, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" } ] }, { "id": "birth-sept11-3", "label": "Jesus was born September 11, 3 BCE", "domain": "Birth Chronology", "type": "exact date", "description": "The project’s exact-date model identifies September 11, 3 BCE as the birthday.", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ], "confidence": "minority-model", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-0002-09-11", "end": "-0002-09-11", "label": "September 11, 3 BCE" }, "tags": [ "project-core" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "birth-jesus", "outgoing": [ { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "rev12-calendrical", "type": "depends" }, { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "tishri1-identification", "type": "depends" }, { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "royal-star-sequence", "type": "depends" }, { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "herod-death-1", "type": "depends" }, { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "birth-used-to-prove-herod1", "type": "enables" } ], "incoming": [ { "from": "magi-visit-project", "to": "birth-sept11-3", "type": "derived-from" }, { "from": "herod-death-1", "to": "birth-sept11-3", "type": "supports-model", "when": "birth-used-to-prove-herod1" } ], "rules": [ { "id": "exclusive-birth", "title": "Two incompatible birth intervals selected", "category": "hard-logical", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "exclusive", "message": "The exact September 11, 3 BCE claim does not lie inside the conventional 6–4 BCE interval.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "birth-conventional" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context" ] }, { "id": "exact-birth-needs-rev12", "title": "Exact birth date loses its Revelation premise", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "requires-any", "message": "The exact September 11 conclusion requires the calendrical Revelation 12 interpretation.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3" ], "alternatives": [ "rev12-calendrical" ], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ] }, { "id": "exact-birth-needs-tishri", "title": "Exact birth date loses its calendar premise", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "requires-any", "message": "The exact date requires the Tishri 1 identification.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3" ], "alternatives": [ "tishri1-identification" ], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ] }, { "id": "exact-birth-needs-star", "title": "Exact birth date loses its astronomical context", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "major", "kind": "requires-any", "message": "The project model requires the adopted royal-star sequence as an interpretive context.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3" ], "alternatives": [ "royal-star-sequence" ], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ] }, { "id": "exact-birth-needs-herod1", "title": "Exact birth date requires a later Herod boundary", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "requires-any", "message": "The September 3 BCE birth model cannot use the conventional 4 BCE death of Herod.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3" ], "alternatives": [ "herod-death-1" ], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ] }, { "id": "birth-before-herod4", "title": "Birth must precede Herod’s death", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "Matthew requires Herod alive after Jesus’s birth.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "herod-death-4" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-consensus" ] }, { "id": "birth-before-herod1", "title": "Birth precedes minority Herod death", "category": "support", "severity": "support", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The exact birth date precedes the minority Herod-death interval.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "herod-death-1" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ] }, { "id": "magi-after-birth-rule", "title": "Magi visit follows the birth", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The modeled Magi visit cannot precede Jesus’s birth.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "magi-after-birth", "magi-visit-project" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ] }, { "id": "ministry-age-sept11", "title": "About thirty must fit the exact birth model", "category": "age-constraint", "severity": "major", "kind": "age", "message": "The elapsed age at ministry start should remain within the selected “about thirty” teaching range.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "ministry-28", "about-thirty" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "luke-3" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": true }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "matthew-1-2", "title": "matthew-1-2", "publisher": "", "url": "" }, { "id": "luke-2", "title": "luke-2", "publisher": "", "url": "" }, { "id": "revelation-12", "title": "revelation-12", "publisher": "", "url": "" }, { "id": "heiser-sept11", "title": "September 11: Happy Birthday to Jesus", "publisher": "Dr. Michael S. Heiser", "url": "https://drmsh.com/september-11-happy-birthday-to-jesus/" } ] }, { "id": "birth-conventional", "label": "Jesus was born within the conventional 6–4 BCE range", "domain": "Birth Chronology", "type": "date interval", "description": "A broad birth interval preceding the conventional 4 BCE death of Herod.", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context" ], "confidence": "conventional", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-0005-01-01", "end": "-0003-12-31", "label": "6–4 BCE" }, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "birth-jesus", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "exclusive-birth", "title": "Two incompatible birth intervals selected", "category": "hard-logical", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "exclusive", "message": "The exact September 11, 3 BCE claim does not lie inside the conventional 6–4 BCE interval.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "birth-conventional" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context" ] }, { "id": "conventional-birth-before-herod4", "title": "Conventional birth range must precede Herod’s death", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The selected birth interval must leave room for the Magi episode before Herod’s death.", "claims": [ "birth-conventional", "herod-death-4" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context", "josephus-ant17" ] }, { "id": "ministry-age-conventional", "title": "About thirty must fit the conventional birth model", "category": "age-constraint", "severity": "major", "kind": "age", "message": "The broad conventional birth range produces a wider age interval that should be reported rather than hidden.", "claims": [ "birth-conventional", "ministry-28", "about-thirty" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context", "luke-3" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "rejected", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": true }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "matthew-1-2", "title": "matthew-1-2", "publisher": "", "url": "" }, { "id": "cambridge-herod-consensus", "title": "Herod and the Jewish Experience of Augustan Rule", "publisher": "Cambridge University Press", "url": "https://resolve.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/B322105C0B263EC2E72D7941840A7DDE/9781139000833c16_p361-388_CBO.pdf/herod_and_the_jewish_experience_of_augustan_rule.pdf" }, { "id": "cambridge-jesus-context", "title": "Jesus' Life, Ministry and Teaching", "publisher": "Cambridge University Press", "url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/jesus-in-context/jesus-life-ministry-and-teaching/C3C2A849CDB4F37B956008CCCA967C64" } ] }, { "id": "herod-death-4", "label": "Herod died in the conventional 4 BCE interval", "domain": "Birth Chronology", "type": "date interval", "description": "Conventional interval for Herod’s death before Passover in 4 BCE.", "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-consensus" ], "confidence": "conventional", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-0003-03-01", "end": "-0003-04-30", "label": "spring 4 BCE" }, "tags": [ "hard-anchor" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown" ], "eventId": "herod-death", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "exclusive-herod", "title": "Two Herod-death intervals selected", "category": "hard-logical", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "exclusive", "message": "The conventional 4 BCE and minority 1 BCE death intervals are alternatives.", "claims": [ "herod-death-4", "herod-death-1" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-herod-minority" ] }, { "id": "birth-before-herod4", "title": "Birth must precede Herod’s death", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "Matthew requires Herod alive after Jesus’s birth.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "herod-death-4" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-consensus" ] }, { "id": "conventional-birth-before-herod4", "title": "Conventional birth range must precede Herod’s death", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The selected birth interval must leave room for the Magi episode before Herod’s death.", "claims": [ "birth-conventional", "herod-death-4" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context", "josephus-ant17" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "rejected", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": true }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "josephus-ant17", "title": "Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, Book XVII", "publisher": "University of Chicago — LacusCurtius", "url": "https://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/ant-17.html" }, { "id": "cambridge-herod-consensus", "title": "Herod and the Jewish Experience of Augustan Rule", "publisher": "Cambridge University Press", "url": "https://resolve.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/B322105C0B263EC2E72D7941840A7DDE/9781139000833c16_p361-388_CBO.pdf/herod_and_the_jewish_experience_of_augustan_rule.pdf" } ] }, { "id": "herod-death-1", "label": "Herod died in the minority 1 BCE interval", "domain": "Birth Chronology", "type": "date interval", "description": "Minority interval for Herod’s death before Passover in 1 BCE.", "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ], "confidence": "minority-model", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "0000-01-10", "end": "0000-04-10", "label": "early 1 BCE" }, "tags": [ "project-core" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "herod-death", "outgoing": [ { "from": "herod-death-1", "to": "birth-sept11-3", "type": "supports-model", "when": "birth-used-to-prove-herod1" } ], "incoming": [ { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "herod-death-1", "type": "depends" }, { "from": "return-project", "to": "herod-death-1", "type": "derived-from" }, { "from": "birth-used-to-prove-herod1", "to": "herod-death-1", "type": "supports" } ], "rules": [ { "id": "exclusive-herod", "title": "Two Herod-death intervals selected", "category": "hard-logical", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "exclusive", "message": "The conventional 4 BCE and minority 1 BCE death intervals are alternatives.", "claims": [ "herod-death-4", "herod-death-1" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-herod-minority" ] }, { "id": "exact-birth-needs-herod1", "title": "Exact birth date requires a later Herod boundary", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "requires-any", "message": "The September 3 BCE birth model cannot use the conventional 4 BCE death of Herod.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3" ], "alternatives": [ "herod-death-1" ], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ] }, { "id": "birth-before-herod1", "title": "Birth precedes minority Herod death", "category": "support", "severity": "support", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The exact birth date precedes the minority Herod-death interval.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "herod-death-1" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ] }, { "id": "magi-before-herod-rule", "title": "Magi visit occurs while Herod is alive", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The Magi episode must occur before the selected death of Herod.", "claims": [ "magi-visit-project", "herod-death-1" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ] }, { "id": "flight-before-herod-rule", "title": "Flight occurs before Herod’s death", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The flight must occur before the death that triggers the return.", "claims": [ "flight-project", "herod-death-1" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ] }, { "id": "return-after-herod-rule", "title": "Return follows Herod’s death", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "Matthew places the return after Herod’s death.", "claims": [ "return-after-herod", "herod-death-1", "return-project" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": true }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "josephus-ant17", "title": "Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, Book XVII", "publisher": "University of Chicago — LacusCurtius", "url": "https://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/ant-17.html" }, { "id": "cambridge-herod-minority", "title": "A Neglected Source on the Date of Herod the Great's Death", "publisher": "The Classical Quarterly, Cambridge University Press", "url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/classical-quarterly/article/neglected-source-on-the-date-of-herod-the-greats-death/660458CE389D8155B3DCCCC912CBF733" } ] }, { "id": "magi-after-birth", "label": "The Magi visit occurred after Jesus’s birth", "domain": "Birth Chronology", "type": "narrative-order claim", "description": "Matthew’s Magi episode follows the birth.", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2" ], "confidence": "textual", "repairCost": 5, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "magi-after-birth-rule", "title": "Magi visit follows the birth", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The modeled Magi visit cannot precede Jesus’s birth.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "magi-after-birth", "magi-visit-project" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "matthew-1-2", "title": "matthew-1-2", "publisher": "", "url": "" } ] }, { "id": "magi-visit-project", "label": "Project Magi-visit window", "domain": "Birth Chronology", "type": "derived date interval", "description": "Teaching window extending from two months to twenty-four months after the exact birth date.", "sourceIds": [], "confidence": "derived", "repairCost": 2, "derived": { "type": "offset-days", "base": "birth-sept11-3", "min": 60, "max": 430 }, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [ { "from": "magi-visit-project", "to": "birth-sept11-3", "type": "derived-from" } ], "incoming": [ { "from": "flight-project", "to": "magi-visit-project", "type": "derived-from" } ], "rules": [ { "id": "magi-after-birth-rule", "title": "Magi visit follows the birth", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The modeled Magi visit cannot precede Jesus’s birth.", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "magi-after-birth", "magi-visit-project" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ] }, { "id": "magi-before-herod-rule", "title": "Magi visit occurs while Herod is alive", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The Magi episode must occur before the selected death of Herod.", "claims": [ "magi-visit-project", "herod-death-1" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ] }, { "id": "flight-after-magi-rule", "title": "Flight follows the Magi visit", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The flight into Egypt cannot precede the Magi episode.", "claims": [ "flight-after-magi", "magi-visit-project", "flight-project" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "rejected", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [] }, { "id": "presentation-forty", "label": "Jesus was presented about forty days after birth", "domain": "Birth Chronology", "type": "derived date interval", "description": "Teaching implementation of the purification and presentation interval.", "sourceIds": [ "luke-2" ], "confidence": "textual", "repairCost": 3, "derived": { "type": "offset-days", "base": "birth-sept11-3", "min": 39, "max": 41 }, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "presentation-before-flight-rule", "title": "Presentation must fit before emergency departure", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The selected harmony places the presentation before the flight; overlapping windows require narrative compression or altered delays.", "claims": [ "presentation-forty", "flight-project" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "luke-2" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus 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"modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "accepted", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "matthew-1-2", "title": "matthew-1-2", "publisher": "", "url": "" } ] }, { "id": "flight-project", "label": "Project flight window", "domain": "Birth Chronology", "type": "derived date interval", "description": "Teaching interval placing the flight within seven days after the modeled Magi window.", "sourceIds": [], "confidence": "derived", "repairCost": 2, "derived": { "type": "offset-from-derived-end", "base": "magi-visit-project", "min": 0, "max": 7 }, "tags": [], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "repairOptions": [ "unknown", "rejected" ], "eventId": "", "outgoing": [ { "from": "flight-project", "to": "magi-visit-project", "type": "derived-from" } ], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "flight-after-magi-rule", "title": "Flight follows the Magi visit", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The flight into Egypt cannot precede the Magi episode.", "claims": [ "flight-after-magi", "magi-visit-project", "flight-project" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2" ] }, { "id": "flight-before-herod-rule", "title": "Flight occurs before Herod’s death", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The flight must occur before the death that triggers the return.", "claims": [ "flight-project", "herod-death-1" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ] }, { "id": "presentation-before-flight-rule", "title": "Presentation must fit before emergency departure", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "temporal", "message": "The selected harmony places the presentation 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"canonical-event-sea-crossing", "canonical-event-sinai-wilderness" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "qantir-project", "bas-dating-exodus", "isac-ancient-israel" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-event-moses-death-jordan", "label": "Death of Moses and Crossing of the Jordan", "domain": "Settlement and Monarchy", "type": "canonical event record", "description": "Moses dies east of the Jordan, Joshua assumes leadership, and Israel crosses into Canaan.", "sourceIds": [ "ahlstrom-merneptah", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "confidence": "working-reconstruction", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-1214-01-01", "end": "-1214-12-31", "label": "1215 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "event", "adopted" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "event", "id": "moses-death-jordan" }, "canonicalOrder": 24.4, "canonicalEra": "Settlement, Judges, and Monarchy", "adopted": true, "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "canonical-order-moses-death-jordan-jericho-campaign", "title": "Death of Moses and Crossing of the Jordan precedes Jericho and Joshua’s Central Campaign", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Death of Moses and Crossing of the Jordan before Jericho and Joshua’s Central Campaign.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-moses-death-jordan", "canonical-event-jericho-campaign" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "ahlstrom-merneptah", "isac-ancient-israel", "cline-hazor" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "ahlstrom-merneptah", "title": "Merneptah’s Israel", "publisher": "Journal of Near Eastern Studies / University of Chicago Press", "url": "https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/373106" }, { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-event-jericho-campaign", "label": "Jericho and Joshua’s Central Campaign", "domain": "Settlement and Monarchy", "type": "canonical event record", "description": "Joshua’s campaign narrative moves from Jericho and Ai to coalition conflicts in the central, southern, and northern highlands.", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "cline-hazor", "ahlstrom-merneptah" ], "confidence": "broad-historical-fit", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-1211-01-01", "end": "-1211-12-31", "label": "1212 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "event", "adopted" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "event", "id": "jericho-campaign" }, "canonicalOrder": 24.5, "canonicalEra": "Settlement, Judges, and Monarchy", "adopted": true, "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "canonical-order-moses-death-jordan-jericho-campaign", "title": "Death of Moses and Crossing of the Jordan precedes Jericho and Joshua’s Central Campaign", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Death of Moses and Crossing of the Jordan before Jericho and Joshua’s Central Campaign.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-moses-death-jordan", "canonical-event-jericho-campaign" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "ahlstrom-merneptah", "isac-ancient-israel", "cline-hazor" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, 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"-1211-01-01", "end": "-1211-12-31", "label": "1212 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "event", "adopted" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "event", "id": "israel-canaan" }, "canonicalOrder": 25, "canonicalEra": "Settlement, Judges, and Monarchy", "adopted": true, "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "canonical-order-israel-canaan-merneptah", "title": "Israel Becomes Established in Canaan precedes Merneptah Stela Names Israel", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Israel Becomes Established in Canaan before Merneptah Stela Names Israel.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-israel-canaan", "canonical-event-merneptah" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "ahlstrom-merneptah" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { 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"title": "Merneptah Stela Names Israel precedes Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Merneptah Stela Names Israel before Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-merneptah", "canonical-event-shechem-joshua-death" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "ahlstrom-merneptah" ] }, { "id": "canonical-order-shechem-joshua-death-judges-dan-migration", "title": "Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua precedes Micah’s Shrine and the Danite Migration", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua before Micah’s Shrine and the Danite Migration.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-shechem-joshua-death", "canonical-event-judges-dan-migration" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "ahlstrom-merneptah" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" }, { "id": "ahlstrom-merneptah", "title": "Merneptah’s Israel", "publisher": "Journal of Near Eastern Studies / University of Chicago Press", "url": "https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/373106" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-event-bronze-age-collapse", "label": "The Late Bronze Age Collapse", "domain": "Settlement and Monarchy", "type": "canonical event record", "description": "Palatial systems collapse across the eastern Mediterranean as Israel, Philistines, and new Iron Age polities emerge.", "sourceIds": [ "cline-hazor", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "confidence": "documented-context", "repairCost": 2, "date": { "start": "-1180-01-01", "end": "-1180-12-31", "label": "1181 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "event", "comparison" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "event", "id": "bronze-age-collapse" }, "canonicalOrder": 27, "canonicalEra": "Settlement, Judges, and Monarchy", "adopted": false, "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "canonical-order-judges-benjamin-war-bronze-age-collapse", "title": "Gibeah Crisis and the Benjaminite Civil War precedes The Late Bronze Age Collapse", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Gibeah Crisis and the Benjaminite Civil War before The Late Bronze Age Collapse.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-judges-benjamin-war", "canonical-event-bronze-age-collapse" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "cline-hazor" ] }, { "id": "canonical-order-bronze-age-collapse-judge-othniel", "title": "The Late Bronze Age Collapse precedes Othniel and the Southern Deliverance", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Late Bronze Age Collapse before Othniel and the Southern Deliverance.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-bronze-age-collapse", "canonical-event-judge-othniel" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "cline-hazor", "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "cline-hazor", "title": "1177 BC: The Collapse of Civilizations and the Rise of Ancient Israel", "publisher": "Bible Interpretation / University of Arizona", "url": "https://bibleinterp.arizona.edu/articles/2015/01/cli398005" }, { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-event-sea-peoples-crisis", "label": "Sea Peoples Movements and Egypt’s Defensive Wars", "domain": "Late Bronze Age Collapse", "type": "canonical event record", "description": "Egyptian and Ugaritic records document several maritime and overland coalitions during the eastern Mediterranean crisis. “Sea Peoples” is a modern umbrella term, not the name of one unified nation or a sufficient explanation for the entire collapse.", "sourceIds": [ "isac-medinet-habu-oip8", "isac-medinet-habu-saoc12", "ugarit-enemy-ships", "cambridge-collapse-nuance" ], "confidence": "documented-core", "repairCost": 2, "date": { "start": "-1177-01-01", "end": "-1177-12-31", "label": "1178 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "event", "comparison" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "event", "id": "sea-peoples-crisis" }, "canonicalOrder": 27.5, "canonicalEra": "Late Bronze Age Collapse", "adopted": false, "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-medinet-habu-oip8", "title": "Medinet Habu I: Earlier Historical Records of Ramses III", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/research/publications/oip/medinet-habu-volume-i-earlier-historical-records-ramses-iii" }, { "id": "isac-medinet-habu-saoc12", "title": "Historical Records of Ramses III: Texts in Medinet Habu I–II", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/research/publications/saoc/saoc-12-historical-records-ramses-iii-texts-medinet-habu-volumes-1-and-2" }, { "id": "ugarit-enemy-ships", "title": "Ugaritic Enemy-Ship Correspondence (RS 20.238 and related letters)", "publisher": "Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology and Heritage Studies", "url": "https://doi.org/10.5325/jeasmedarcherstu.13.4.0392" }, { "id": "cambridge-collapse-nuance", "title": "Getting Closer to the Late Bronze Age Collapse in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean, c. 1200 BC", "publisher": "Antiquity / Cambridge University Press", "url": "https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2023.187" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-event-philistine-settlement", "label": "Philistine Settlement in the Southern Coastal Plain", "domain": "Settlement and Monarchy", "type": "canonical event record", "description": "Philistine cities become a major political and military force in the setting of Judges and Samuel.", "sourceIds": [ "cline-hazor", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "confidence": "historically-supported", "repairCost": 2, "date": { "start": "-1150-01-01", "end": "-1150-12-31", "label": "1151 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "event", "comparison" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "event", "id": "philistine-settlement" }, "canonicalOrder": 28, "canonicalEra": "Settlement, Judges, and Monarchy", "adopted": false, "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "canonical-order-judge-ehud-philistine-settlement", "title": "Ehud and the Moabite Crisis precedes Philistine Settlement in the Southern Coastal Plain", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Ehud and the Moabite Crisis before Philistine Settlement in the Southern Coastal Plain.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-ehud", "canonical-event-philistine-settlement" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480", "cline-hazor" ] }, { "id": "canonical-order-philistine-settlement-judge-shamgar", "title": "Philistine Settlement in the Southern Coastal Plain precedes Shamgar and Local Resistance", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Philistine Settlement in the Southern Coastal Plain before Shamgar and Local Resistance.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-philistine-settlement", "canonical-event-judge-shamgar" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "cline-hazor", "isac-ancient-israel" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "cline-hazor", "title": "1177 BC: The Collapse of Civilizations and the Rise of Ancient Israel", "publisher": "Bible Interpretation / University of Arizona", "url": "https://bibleinterp.arizona.edu/articles/2015/01/cli398005" }, { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-event-judges", "label": "Judges Era: 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"", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Deborah, Barak, and the Northern Coalition before Judges Era: Regional Deliverers and Overlapping Cycles.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-deborah-barak", "canonical-event-judges" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ] }, { "id": "canonical-order-judges-judge-gideon", "title": "Judges Era: Regional Deliverers and Overlapping Cycles precedes Gideon and the Midianite Raids", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Judges Era: Regional Deliverers and Overlapping Cycles before Gideon and the Midianite Raids.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-judges", "canonical-event-judge-gideon" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-event-judges-dan-migration", "label": "Micah’s Shrine and the Danite Migration", "domain": "Settlement and Monarchy", "type": "canonical event record", "description": "The Danite migration and shrine narrative belongs to the unsettled early tribal period, though Judges places it in a literary appendix.", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel" ], "confidence": "model-dependent", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-1192-01-01", "end": "-1192-12-31", "label": "1193 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "event", "adopted" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "event", "id": "judges-dan-migration" }, "canonicalOrder": 29.01, "canonicalEra": "Settlement, Judges, and Monarchy", "adopted": true, "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "canonical-order-shechem-joshua-death-judges-dan-migration", "title": "Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua precedes Micah’s Shrine and the Danite Migration", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua before Micah’s Shrine and the Danite Migration.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-shechem-joshua-death", "canonical-event-judges-dan-migration" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "ahlstrom-merneptah" ] }, { "id": "canonical-order-judges-dan-migration-judges-benjamin-war", "title": "Micah’s Shrine and the Danite Migration precedes Gibeah Crisis and the 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Resistance.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-philistine-settlement", "canonical-event-judge-shamgar" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "cline-hazor", "isac-ancient-israel" ] }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-shamgar-judge-deborah-barak", "title": "Shamgar and Local Resistance precedes Deborah, Barak, and the Northern Coalition", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Shamgar and Local Resistance before Deborah, Barak, and the Northern Coalition.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-shamgar", "canonical-event-judge-deborah-barak" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ] } ], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-event-judge-deborah-barak", "label": "Deborah, Barak, and the Northern Coalition", "domain": "Settlement and Monarchy", "type": "canonical event record", "description": "Deborah and Barak lead a northern coalition against Sisera in a cycle centered on the Jezreel and Kishon regions.", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "confidence": "model-dependent", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-1138-01-01", "end": "-1138-12-31", "label": "1139 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "event", "adopted" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "event", "id": "judge-deborah-barak" }, "canonicalOrder": 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"conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" }, { "id": "laato-480", "title": "The Mysterious Number 480 in 1 Kings 6:1", "publisher": "Bible Interpretation / University of Arizona", "url": "https://bibleinterp.arizona.edu/articles/2016/04/laa408018" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-event-judge-abimelech", "label": "Abimelech’s Rule at Shechem", "domain": "Settlement and Monarchy", "type": "canonical event record", "description": "Abimelech’s violent three-year rule is a local kingship experiment and follows Gideon within the narrative sequence.", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel" ], "confidence": "biblical-chronology", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-1103-01-01", "end": "-1103-12-31", "label": "1104 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "event", "adopted" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "event", "id": "judge-abimelech" }, "canonicalOrder": 29.08, "canonicalEra": "Settlement, Judges, and Monarchy", "adopted": true, "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "canonical-order-judge-gideon-judge-abimelech", "title": "Gideon and the Midianite Raids precedes Abimelech’s Rule at Shechem", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Gideon and the Midianite Raids before Abimelech’s Rule at Shechem.", "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-gideon", "canonical-event-judge-abimelech" ], "alternatives": [], "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ] }, { "id": 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"modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" }, { "id": "laato-480", "title": "The Mysterious Number 480 in 1 Kings 6:1", "publisher": "Bible Interpretation / University of Arizona", "url": "https://bibleinterp.arizona.edu/articles/2016/04/laa408018" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-event-judge-jephthah", "label": "Jephthah, Ammon, and the “Three Hundred Years” Claim", "domain": "Settlement and Monarchy", "type": "canonical event record", "description": "Jephthah’s eastern conflict is placed late in the adopted Judges period. His claim of three hundred years is treated as part of an unreliable character’s diplomatic rhetoric rather than a narrator-authenticated absolute synchronism.", "sourceIds": [ "laato-480", "abr-early-defense", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "confidence": "working-reconstruction", "repairCost": 5, "date": { "start": "-1085-01-01", "end": "-1085-12-31", "label": "1086 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "event", "adopted" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "event", "id": "judge-jephthah" }, "canonicalOrder": 29.1, "canonicalEra": "Settlement, Judges, and Monarchy", "adopted": true, "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [ { "id": "canonical-order-judge-tola-jair-judge-jephthah", "title": "Tola and Jair precedes Jephthah, Ammon, and the “Three Hundred Years” Claim", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "kind": "", "message": "The canonical project ordering places Tola and Jair before Jephthah, Ammon, and the 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"Thames & Hudson", "url": "https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Complete_Royal_Families_of_Ancient_E.html?id=P7CpQgAACAAJ" }, { "id": "theban-mapping-kv5", "title": "KV 5 — Sons of Rameses II", "publisher": "Theban Mapping Project", "url": "https://thebanmappingproject.com/tombs/kv-05-sons-rameses-ii" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-claim-exodus-1254", "label": "The project places the Exodus in 1254 BCE under Ramesses II, in the same year as the adopted Amun-her-khepeshef synchronism.", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "canonical project-reconstruction claim", "description": "The exact date falls if the prince synchronism is rejected; a broader Ramesside model may survive.", "sourceIds": [ "qantir-project", "payraudeau-amunherkhepeshef-1999", "dodson-hilton-royal-families" ], "confidence": "working-reconstruction", "repairCost": 2, "date": { "start": "-1254-01-01", "end": "-1254-12-31", "label": "1255 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "project-claim", "project-reconstruction" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "project-claim", "id": "exodus-1254" }, "eventRef": "exodus", "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "qantir-project", "title": "The Qantir–Pi-Ramesse Project", "publisher": "International Association of Egyptologists", "url": "https://www.iae-egyptology.org/archives/696" }, { "id": "payraudeau-amunherkhepeshef-1999", "title": "Le prince Amonherkhepechef, fils aîné et héritier de Ramsès II", "publisher": "Thotweb scholarly Egyptology archive", "url": "https://www.thotweb.com/pro/payraudeau1999.php" }, { "id": "dodson-hilton-royal-families", "title": "The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt", "publisher": "Thames & Hudson", "url": "https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Complete_Royal_Families_of_Ancient_E.html?id=P7CpQgAACAAJ" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-claim-ramesses-survives", "label": "The model allows Ramesses II to survive the sea crossing because Exodus does not explicitly state that Pharaoh himself died.", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "canonical textual-interpretation claim", "description": "The destruction of Pharaoh’s pursuing forces is retained without identifying the king among the dead.", "sourceIds": [], "confidence": "plausible", "repairCost": 2, "date": { "start": "-1254-01-01", "end": "-1254-12-31", "label": "1255 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "project-claim", "textual-interpretation" ], "polarity": "negative", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "project-claim", "id": "ramesses-survives" }, "eventRef": "exodus", "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [] }, { "id": "canonical-claim-wilderness-1254-1214", "label": "A forty-year project interval from 1254 BCE ends around 1214 BCE.", "domain": "Egypt and Exodus", "type": "canonical chronological-model claim", "description": "The forty years may be schematic, but the interval must end before Israel’s c. 1208 BCE external attestation.", "sourceIds": [ "ahlstrom-merneptah" ], "confidence": "model-dependent", "repairCost": 2, "date": { "start": "-1234-01-01", "end": "-1234-12-31", "label": "1235 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "project-claim", "chronological-model" ], "polarity": "positive", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "project-claim", "id": "wilderness-1254-1214" }, "eventRef": "sinai-wilderness", "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "ahlstrom-merneptah", "title": "Merneptah’s Israel", "publisher": "Journal of Near Eastern Studies / University of Chicago Press", "url": "https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/373106" } ] }, { "id": "canonical-claim-israel-1208-boundary", "label": "The Merneptah Stela requires a people called Israel to be present in Canaan by about 1208 BCE.", "domain": "Settlement and Monarchy", "type": "canonical external-evidence claim", "description": "It does not explain Israel’s origin or prove the Exodus.", "sourceIds": [ "ahlstrom-merneptah", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "confidence": "documented", "repairCost": 2, "date": { "start": "-1211-01-01", "end": "-1211-12-31", "label": "1212 BCE" }, "tags": [ "canonical-ingest", "project-claim", "external-evidence" ], "polarity": "negative", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "entityRef": { "type": "project-claim", "id": "israel-1208-boundary" }, "eventRef": "israel-canaan", "eventId": "", "outgoing": [], "incoming": [], "rules": [], "modelStates": [ { "modelId": "adopted", "modelName": "Adopted project reconstruction", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "conventional", "modelName": "Conventional comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false }, { "modelId": "early-exodus", "modelName": "Early Exodus comparison", "state": "unknown", "core": false } ], "sourceDetails": [ { "id": "ahlstrom-merneptah", "title": "Merneptah’s Israel", "publisher": "Journal of Near Eastern Studies / University of Chicago Press", "url": "https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/373106" }, { "id": "isac-ancient-israel", "title": "Ancient Israel: Highlights from the Collections", "publisher": "Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, University of Chicago", "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/oimp31.pdf" } ] } ], "formalRules": [ { "id": "exclusive-exodus", "title": "Two Exodus dates selected", "category": "hard-logical", "severity": "fatal", "message": "A single departure cannot occupy both the 1446 BCE and 1254 BCE dates.", "kind": "exclusive", "claims": [ "exodus-early", "exodus-late" ], "authority": "logical necessity", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "isac-kadesh" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "A single departure cannot occupy both the 1446 BCE and 1254 BCE dates.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "logical necessity", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "exclusive-joseph-setting", "title": "Two Joseph settings selected", "category": "hard-logical", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The same Joseph model cannot simultaneously be assigned to the Hyksos and an explicitly earlier setting.", "kind": "exclusive", "claims": [ "joseph-hyksos", "joseph-earlier-egypt" ], "authority": "logical necessity", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "arce-hyksos", "stantis-hyksos" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The same Joseph model cannot simultaneously be assigned to the Hyksos and an explicitly earlier setting.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "logical necessity", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "exclusive-birth", "title": "Two incompatible birth intervals selected", "category": "hard-logical", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The exact September 11, 3 BCE claim does not lie inside the conventional 6–4 BCE interval.", "kind": "exclusive", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "birth-conventional" ], "authority": "logical necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The exact September 11, 3 BCE claim does not lie inside the conventional 6–4 BCE interval.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "logical necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "exclusive-herod", "title": "Two Herod-death intervals selected", "category": "hard-logical", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The conventional 4 BCE and minority 1 BCE death intervals are alternatives.", "kind": "exclusive", "claims": [ "herod-death-4", "herod-death-1" ], "authority": "logical necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-herod-minority" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The conventional 4 BCE and minority 1 BCE death intervals are alternatives.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "logical necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "exclusive-census", "title": "Two census identifications selected", "category": "semantic-ambiguity", "severity": "major", "message": "The securely dated 6 CE census and an earlier registration are distinct historical solutions.", "kind": "exclusive", "claims": [ "census-6ce", "census-earlier" ], "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "luke-2", "acts-5", "josephus-ant18", "net-luke-2-note" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The securely dated 6 CE census and an earlier registration are distinct historical solutions.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "exclusive-crucifixion", "title": "Two crucifixion years selected", "category": "hard-logical", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The singular crucifixion cannot occur in both 30 and 33 CE.", "kind": "exclusive", "claims": [ "crucifixion-30", "crucifixion-33" ], "authority": "logical necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-jesus-context" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The singular crucifixion cannot occur in both 30 and 33 CE.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "logical necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "hyksos-long-early", "title": "Hyksos Joseph and four-century sojourn conflict with 1446 BCE", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The selected Hyksos Joseph window leaves far less than four centuries before an early Exodus.", "kind": "all-accepted", "claims": [ "joseph-hyksos", "long-sojourn", "exodus-early" ], "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Global" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "arce-hyksos", "stantis-hyksos", "luke-3" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The selected Hyksos Joseph window leaves far less than four centuries before an early Exodus.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Global" ] } }, { "id": "rameses-early-needs-editorial", "title": "Early Exodus requires an editorial Rameses hypothesis", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "message": "A contemporary Ramesside place-name cannot be retained in a 1446 BCE Exodus without an editorial-update hypothesis.", "kind": "requires-any", "claims": [ "exodus-early", "rameses-contemporary" ], "alternatives": [ "rameses-editorial" ], "authority": "model definition", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "A contemporary Ramesside place-name cannot be retained in a 1446 BCE Exodus without an editorial-update hypothesis.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "model definition", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "exact-birth-needs-rev12", "title": "Exact birth date loses its Revelation premise", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The exact September 11 conclusion requires the calendrical Revelation 12 interpretation.", "kind": "requires-any", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3" ], "alternatives": [ "rev12-calendrical" ], "authority": "model definition", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The exact September 11 conclusion requires the calendrical Revelation 12 interpretation.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "model definition", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "exact-birth-needs-tishri", "title": "Exact birth date loses its calendar premise", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The exact date requires the Tishri 1 identification.", "kind": "requires-any", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3" ], "alternatives": [ "tishri1-identification" ], "authority": "model definition", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The exact date requires the Tishri 1 identification.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "model definition", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "exact-birth-needs-star", "title": "Exact birth date loses its astronomical context", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "major", "message": "The project model requires the adopted royal-star sequence as an interpretive context.", "kind": "requires-any", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3" ], "alternatives": [ "royal-star-sequence" ], "authority": "model definition", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The project model requires the adopted royal-star sequence as an interpretive context.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "model definition", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "exact-birth-needs-herod1", "title": "Exact birth date requires a later Herod boundary", "category": "model-contradiction", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The September 3 BCE birth model cannot use the conventional 4 BCE death of Herod.", "kind": "requires-any", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3" ], "alternatives": [ "herod-death-1" ], "authority": "model definition", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The September 3 BCE birth model cannot use the conventional 4 BCE death of Herod.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "model definition", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "earlier-census-needs-solution", "title": "Earlier census requires a stated reconciliation", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "message": "An earlier registration should identify either a distinct administrative process or a defensible translation proposal.", "kind": "requires-any", "claims": [ "census-earlier" ], "alternatives": [ "luke-before-quirinius" ], "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "luke-2", "net-luke-2-note" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "An earlier registration should identify either a distinct administrative process or a defensible translation proposal.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "terru-before-abraham", "title": "Terru must precede or overlap Abraham’s call", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "major", "message": "The identity proposal requires Terru’s active interval to precede or overlap Abraham’s departure window.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "terru-is-terah", "terru-active", "abraham-call-date" ], "left": "terru-active", "right": "abraham-call-date", "relation": "before-or-overlap", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "urkesh-terru", "met-babylon" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The identity proposal requires Terru’s active interval to precede or overlap Abraham’s departure window.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ] }, "minGapDays": 0 }, { "id": "zannanza-before-early", "title": "Oppression trigger occurs after the early Exodus", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The proposed Zannanza/post-Amarna trigger must precede the Exodus it is meant to explain.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "zannanza-oppression", "exodus-early" ], "left": "zannanza-oppression", "right": "exodus-early", "relation": "before", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "isac-kadesh" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The proposed Zannanza/post-Amarna trigger must precede the Exodus it is meant to explain.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] }, "minGapDays": 1 }, { "id": "zannanza-before-late", "title": "Oppression trigger precedes the late Exodus", "category": "support", "severity": "support", "message": "The proposed oppression trigger precedes the late Ramesside Exodus window.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "zannanza-oppression", "exodus-late" ], "left": "zannanza-oppression", "right": "exodus-late", "relation": "before", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "isac-kadesh" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The proposed oppression trigger precedes the late Ramesside Exodus window.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] }, "minGapDays": 1 }, { "id": "entry-early-before-merneptah", "title": "Early entry precedes Merneptah", "category": "support", "severity": "support", "message": "The early model leaves a large interval before the Merneptah Stela.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "entry-early", "merneptah-israel" ], "left": "entry-early", "right": "merneptah-israel", "relation": "before", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The early model leaves a large interval before the Merneptah Stela.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] }, "minGapDays": 1 }, { "id": "entry-late-before-merneptah", "title": "Late entry must precede Merneptah", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "message": "Entry into Canaan must occur before Israel is attested by Merneptah.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "entry-late", "merneptah-israel" ], "left": "entry-late", "right": "merneptah-israel", "relation": "before", "warnGapDays": 3650, "warnTitle": "Late chronology is tightly compressed", "warnMessage": "The surviving interval before Merneptah is less than ten years.", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Entry into Canaan must occur before Israel is attested by Merneptah.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] }, "minGapDays": 1, "analysisNote": "Warn when the surviving interval is narrower than 3650 days." }, { "id": "birth-before-herod4", "title": "Birth must precede Herod’s death", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "message": "Matthew requires Herod alive after Jesus’s birth.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "herod-death-4" ], "left": "birth-sept11-3", "right": "herod-death-4", "relation": "before", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-consensus" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Matthew requires Herod alive after Jesus’s birth.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 1 }, { "id": "birth-before-herod1", "title": "Birth precedes minority Herod death", "category": "support", "severity": "support", "message": "The exact birth date precedes the minority Herod-death interval.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "herod-death-1" ], "left": "birth-sept11-3", "right": "herod-death-1", "relation": "before", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The exact birth date precedes the minority Herod-death interval.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 1 }, { "id": "conventional-birth-before-herod4", "title": "Conventional birth range must precede Herod’s death", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The selected birth interval must leave room for the Magi episode before Herod’s death.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "birth-conventional", "herod-death-4" ], "left": "birth-conventional", "right": "herod-death-4", "relation": "before-or-overlap", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context", "josephus-ant17" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The selected birth interval must leave room for the Magi episode before Herod’s death.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 0 }, { "id": "magi-after-birth-rule", "title": "Magi visit follows the birth", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The modeled Magi visit cannot precede Jesus’s birth.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "magi-after-birth", "magi-visit-project" ], "left": "birth-sept11-3", "right": "magi-visit-project", "relation": "before", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The modeled Magi visit cannot precede Jesus’s birth.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 1 }, { "id": "magi-before-herod-rule", "title": "Magi visit occurs while Herod is alive", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The Magi episode must occur before the selected death of Herod.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "magi-visit-project", "herod-death-1" ], "left": "magi-visit-project", "right": "herod-death-1", "relation": "before-or-overlap", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The Magi episode must occur before the selected death of Herod.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 0 }, { "id": "flight-after-magi-rule", "title": "Flight follows the Magi visit", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The flight into Egypt cannot precede the Magi episode.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "flight-after-magi", "magi-visit-project", "flight-project" ], "left": "magi-visit-project", "right": "flight-project", "relation": "before-or-overlap", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The flight into Egypt cannot precede the Magi episode.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 0 }, { "id": "flight-before-herod-rule", "title": "Flight occurs before Herod’s death", "category": "hard-chronological", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The flight must occur before the death that triggers the return.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "flight-project", "herod-death-1" ], "left": "flight-project", "right": "herod-death-1", "relation": "before-or-overlap", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The flight must occur before the death that triggers the return.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 0 }, { "id": "return-after-herod-rule", "title": "Return follows Herod’s death", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "message": "Matthew places the return after Herod’s death.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "return-after-herod", "herod-death-1", "return-project" ], "left": "return-project", "right": "herod-death-1", "relation": "after", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Matthew places the return after Herod’s death.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 1 }, { "id": "presentation-before-flight-rule", "title": "Presentation must fit before emergency departure", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "message": "The selected harmony places the presentation before the flight; overlapping windows require narrative compression or altered delays.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "presentation-forty", "flight-project" ], "left": "presentation-forty", "right": "flight-project", "relation": "before-or-overlap", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "luke-2" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The selected harmony places the presentation before the flight; overlapping windows require narrative compression or altered delays.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 0 }, { "id": "ministry-age-sept11", "title": "About thirty must fit the exact birth model", "category": "age-constraint", "severity": "major", "message": "The elapsed age at ministry start should remain within the selected “about thirty” teaching range.", "kind": "age", "claims": [ "birth-sept11-3", "ministry-28", "about-thirty" ], "birth": "birth-sept11-3", "event": "ministry-28", "minYears": 27, "maxYears": 33, "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "luke-2", "revelation-12", "heiser-sept11", "luke-3" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The elapsed age at ministry start should remain within the selected “about thirty” teaching range.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "ministry-age-conventional", "title": "About thirty must fit the conventional birth model", "category": "age-constraint", "severity": "major", "message": "The broad conventional birth range produces a wider age interval that should be reported rather than hidden.", "kind": "age", "claims": [ "birth-conventional", "ministry-28", "about-thirty" ], "birth": "birth-conventional", "event": "ministry-28", "minYears": 27, "maxYears": 36, "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "matthew-1-2", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context", "luke-3" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The broad conventional birth range produces a wider age interval that should be reported rather than hidden.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "historical reconstruction", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] } }, { "id": "crucifixion-after-ministry-30", "title": "Crucifixion follows ministry", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The crucifixion must occur after the start of the ministry.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "ministry-28", "crucifixion-30" ], "left": "ministry-28", "right": "crucifixion-30", "relation": "before", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "luke-3", "cambridge-jesus-context" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The crucifixion must occur after the start of the ministry.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 1 }, { "id": "crucifixion-after-ministry-33", "title": "Crucifixion follows ministry", "category": "narrative-order", "severity": "fatal", "message": "The crucifixion must occur after the start of the ministry.", "kind": "temporal", "claims": [ "ministry-28", "crucifixion-33" ], "left": "ministry-28", "right": "crucifixion-33", "relation": "before", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ], "authoredBy": "Bible Timeline research project", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "reviewStatus": "project rule", "sourceIds": [ "luke-3", "cambridge-jesus-context" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "The crucifixion must occur after the start of the ministry.", "introducedVersion": "15.0", "authority": "chronological necessity", "scope": [ "Birth Chronology" ] }, "minGapDays": 1 }, { "id": "canonical-order-primeval-history-terru-terah", "title": "Genesis 1–11: Primeval History precedes Terru of Urkesh and Terah", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-primeval-history", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-terru-terah", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-primeval-history", "right": "canonical-event-terru-terah", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-primeval-history", "canonical-event-terru-terah" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Genesis 1–11: Primeval History before Terru of Urkesh and Terah.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "urkesh-terru", "met-babylon" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-terru-terah-abraham-call", "title": "Terru of Urkesh and Terah precedes Abraham’s Call and Migration", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-terru-terah", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-abraham-call", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-terru-terah", "right": "canonical-event-abraham-call", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-terru-terah", "canonical-event-abraham-call" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Terru of Urkesh and Terah before Abraham’s Call and Migration.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "urkesh-terru", "met-babylon" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-abraham-call-mari-zimrilim", "title": "Abraham’s Call and Migration precedes Mari, Zimri-Lim, and the Old Babylonian Archive", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-abraham-call", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-mari-zimrilim", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-abraham-call", "right": "canonical-event-mari-zimrilim", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-abraham-call", "canonical-event-mari-zimrilim" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Abraham’s Call and Migration before Mari, Zimri-Lim, and the Old Babylonian Archive.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-babylon", "durand-arm28" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-mari-zimrilim-amraphel-hammurabi", "title": "Mari, Zimri-Lim, and the Old Babylonian Archive precedes Genesis 14 and Hammurabi", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-mari-zimrilim", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-amraphel-hammurabi", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-mari-zimrilim", "right": "canonical-event-amraphel-hammurabi", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-mari-zimrilim", "canonical-event-amraphel-hammurabi" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Mari, Zimri-Lim, and the Old Babylonian Archive before Genesis 14 and Hammurabi.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "durand-arm28", "met-babylon", "urkesh-terru" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-amraphel-hammurabi-isaac-jacob", "title": "Genesis 14 and Hammurabi precedes Isaac, Jacob, and the Twelve Sons", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-amraphel-hammurabi", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-isaac-jacob", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-amraphel-hammurabi", "right": "canonical-event-isaac-jacob", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-amraphel-hammurabi", "canonical-event-isaac-jacob" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Genesis 14 and Hammurabi before Isaac, Jacob, and the Twelve Sons.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-babylon", "urkesh-terru" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Patriarchs" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-joseph-hyksos-jacob-egypt", "title": "Joseph Serves a Hyksos Pharaoh precedes Jacob’s Household Enters Egypt", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-joseph-hyksos", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jacob-egypt", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-joseph-hyksos", "right": "canonical-event-jacob-egypt", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-joseph-hyksos", "canonical-event-jacob-egypt" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Joseph Serves a Hyksos Pharaoh before Jacob’s Household Enters Egypt.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "arce-hyksos", "stantis-hyksos" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jacob-egypt-hyksos-egypt", "title": "Jacob’s Household Enters Egypt precedes Hyksos Rule in Northern Egypt", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jacob-egypt", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-hyksos-egypt", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jacob-egypt", "right": "canonical-event-hyksos-egypt", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jacob-egypt", "canonical-event-hyksos-egypt" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Jacob’s Household Enters Egypt before Hyksos Rule in Northern Egypt.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "arce-hyksos", "stantis-hyksos" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-hyksos-egypt-hittite-sack-babylon", "title": "Hyksos Rule in Northern Egypt precedes Hittite Sack of Babylon and the End of the Old Babylonian Dynasty", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-hyksos-egypt", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-hittite-sack-babylon", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-hyksos-egypt", "right": "canonical-event-hittite-sack-babylon", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-hyksos-egypt", "canonical-event-hittite-sack-babylon" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Hyksos Rule in Northern Egypt before Hittite Sack of Babylon and the End of the Old Babylonian Dynasty.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "arce-hyksos", "stantis-hyksos", "met-babylon" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-hittite-sack-babylon-hyksos-expulsion", "title": "Hittite Sack of Babylon and the End of the Old Babylonian Dynasty precedes Ahmose I Captures Avaris; Proposed Beginning of Servitude", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-hittite-sack-babylon", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-hyksos-expulsion", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-hittite-sack-babylon", "right": "canonical-event-hyksos-expulsion", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-hittite-sack-babylon", "canonical-event-hyksos-expulsion" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Hittite Sack of Babylon and the End of the Old Babylonian Dynasty before Ahmose I Captures Avaris; Proposed Beginning of Servitude.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-babylon", "arce-hyksos", "lichtheim-ahmose-abana" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-hyksos-expulsion-thutmose-megiddo", "title": "Ahmose I Captures Avaris; Proposed Beginning of Servitude precedes Thutmose III at Megiddo", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-hyksos-expulsion", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-thutmose-megiddo", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-hyksos-expulsion", "right": "canonical-event-thutmose-megiddo", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-hyksos-expulsion", "canonical-event-thutmose-megiddo" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Ahmose I Captures Avaris; Proposed Beginning of Servitude before Thutmose III at Megiddo.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "arce-hyksos", "lichtheim-ahmose-abana", "isac-ancient-israel", "isac-seti" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-thutmose-megiddo-egyptian-empire", "title": "Thutmose III at Megiddo precedes Egypt Builds an Empire in Canaan", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-thutmose-megiddo", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-egyptian-empire", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-thutmose-megiddo", "right": "canonical-event-egyptian-empire", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-thutmose-megiddo", "canonical-event-egyptian-empire" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Thutmose III at Megiddo before Egypt Builds an Empire in Canaan.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "isac-seti", "arce-hyksos", "arce-ramessides" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-egyptian-empire-amarna-crisis", "title": "Egypt Builds an Empire in Canaan precedes Akhenaten and the Amarna Crisis", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-egyptian-empire", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-amarna-crisis", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-egyptian-empire", "right": "canonical-event-amarna-crisis", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-egyptian-empire", "canonical-event-amarna-crisis" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Egypt Builds an Empire in Canaan before Akhenaten and the Amarna Crisis.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "arce-hyksos", "arce-ramessides" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-amarna-crisis-amarna-letters", "title": "Akhenaten and the Amarna Crisis precedes The Amarna Letters and Canaanite Vassal Politics", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-amarna-crisis", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-amarna-letters", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-amarna-crisis", "right": "canonical-event-amarna-letters", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-amarna-crisis", "canonical-event-amarna-letters" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Akhenaten and the Amarna Crisis before The Amarna Letters and Canaanite Vassal Politics.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "isac-seti", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-amarna-letters-tutankhamun-death", "title": "The Amarna Letters and Canaanite Vassal Politics precedes Tutankhamun Dies Without an Heir", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-amarna-letters", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-tutankhamun-death", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-amarna-letters", "right": "canonical-event-tutankhamun-death", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-amarna-letters", "canonical-event-tutankhamun-death" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Amarna Letters and Canaanite Vassal Politics before Tutankhamun Dies Without an Heir.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-seti", "isac-ancient-israel", "arce-ramessides" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-tutankhamun-death-zannanza-affair", "title": "Tutankhamun Dies Without an Heir precedes The Daḫamunzu–Zannanza Crisis", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-tutankhamun-death", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-zannanza-affair", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-tutankhamun-death", "right": "canonical-event-zannanza-affair", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-tutankhamun-death", "canonical-event-zannanza-affair" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Tutankhamun Dies Without an Heir before The Daḫamunzu–Zannanza Crisis.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "gueterbock-deeds", "isac-seti" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-zannanza-affair-moses-born", "title": "The Daḫamunzu–Zannanza Crisis precedes Decree Against Hebrew Male Infants and Birth of Moses", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-zannanza-affair", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-moses-born", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-zannanza-affair", "right": "canonical-event-moses-born", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-zannanza-affair", "canonical-event-moses-born" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Daḫamunzu–Zannanza Crisis before Decree Against Hebrew Male Infants and Birth of Moses.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "gueterbock-deeds", "arce-ramessides", "isac-seti" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-moses-born-horemheb-oppression", "title": "Decree Against Hebrew Male Infants and Birth of Moses precedes Horemheb’s Restoration and Moses’s Flight", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-moses-born", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-horemheb-oppression", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-moses-born", "right": "canonical-event-horemheb-oppression", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-moses-born", "canonical-event-horemheb-oppression" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Decree Against Hebrew Male Infants and Birth of Moses before Horemheb’s Restoration and Moses’s Flight.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "gueterbock-deeds", "arce-ramessides", "horemheb-edict-mma" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-horemheb-oppression-moses-midian", "title": "Horemheb’s Restoration and Moses’s Flight precedes Moses Flees to Midian", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-horemheb-oppression", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-moses-midian", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-horemheb-oppression", "right": "canonical-event-moses-midian", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-horemheb-oppression", "canonical-event-moses-midian" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Horemheb’s Restoration and Moses’s Flight before Moses Flees to Midian.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "horemheb-edict-mma", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-moses-midian-seti-campaigns", "title": "Moses Flees to Midian precedes Seti I Campaigns in Canaan and Syria", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-moses-midian", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-seti-campaigns", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-moses-midian", "right": "canonical-event-seti-campaigns", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-moses-midian", "canonical-event-seti-campaigns" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Moses Flees to Midian before Seti I Campaigns in Canaan and Syria.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "isac-ancient-israel", "isac-seti" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-seti-campaigns-ramesses-reign", "title": "Seti I Campaigns in Canaan and Syria precedes Ramesses II, Pi-Ramesses, and the Final Labor Phase", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-seti-campaigns", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-ramesses-reign", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-seti-campaigns", "right": "canonical-event-ramesses-reign", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-seti-campaigns", "canonical-event-ramesses-reign" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Seti I Campaigns in Canaan and Syria before Ramesses II, Pi-Ramesses, and the Final Labor Phase.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-seti", "arce-ramessides", "qantir-project", "franzmeier-piramesse-2024" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-ramesses-reign-kadesh", "title": "Ramesses II, Pi-Ramesses, and the Final Labor Phase precedes Battle of Kadesh", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-ramesses-reign", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-kadesh", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-ramesses-reign", "right": "canonical-event-kadesh", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-ramesses-reign", "canonical-event-kadesh" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Ramesses II, Pi-Ramesses, and the Final Labor Phase before Battle of Kadesh.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "arce-ramessides", "qantir-project", "franzmeier-piramesse-2024", "isac-kadesh", "isac-seti" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-kadesh-egypt-hatti-treaty", "title": "Battle of Kadesh precedes Egyptian–Hittite Peace Treaty", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-kadesh", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-egypt-hatti-treaty", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-kadesh", "right": "canonical-event-egypt-hatti-treaty", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-kadesh", "canonical-event-egypt-hatti-treaty" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Battle of Kadesh before Egyptian–Hittite Peace Treaty.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-kadesh", "isac-seti", "wilson-kadesh-texts" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-egypt-hatti-treaty-burning-bush", "title": "Egyptian–Hittite Peace Treaty precedes The Burning Bush and Moses’s Return to Egypt", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-egypt-hatti-treaty", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-burning-bush", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-egypt-hatti-treaty", "right": "canonical-event-burning-bush", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-egypt-hatti-treaty", "canonical-event-burning-bush" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Egyptian–Hittite Peace Treaty before The Burning Bush and Moses’s Return to Egypt.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-kadesh", "wilson-kadesh-texts", "qantir-project", "arce-ramessides", "payraudeau-amunherkhepeshef-1999" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-burning-bush-plagues-passover", "title": "The Burning Bush and Moses’s Return to Egypt precedes Death of Amun-her-khepeshef and the First Passover", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-burning-bush", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-plagues-passover", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-burning-bush", "right": "canonical-event-plagues-passover", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-burning-bush", "canonical-event-plagues-passover" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Burning Bush and Moses’s Return to Egypt before Death of Amun-her-khepeshef and the First Passover.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "qantir-project", "arce-ramessides", "payraudeau-amunherkhepeshef-1999", "dodson-hilton-royal-families", "theban-mapping-kv5" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-sea-crossing-sinai-wilderness", "title": "Departure from Egypt and the Sea Crossing precedes Sinai Covenant and Wilderness", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-sea-crossing", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-sinai-wilderness", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-sea-crossing", "right": "canonical-event-sinai-wilderness", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-sea-crossing", "canonical-event-sinai-wilderness" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Departure from Egypt and the Sea Crossing before Sinai Covenant and Wilderness.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "qantir-project", "bas-dating-exodus", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Egypt and Exodus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-moses-death-jordan-jericho-campaign", "title": "Death of Moses and Crossing of the Jordan precedes Jericho and Joshua’s Central Campaign", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-moses-death-jordan", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jericho-campaign", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-moses-death-jordan", "right": "canonical-event-jericho-campaign", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-moses-death-jordan", "canonical-event-jericho-campaign" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Death of Moses and Crossing of the Jordan before Jericho and Joshua’s Central Campaign.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "ahlstrom-merneptah", "isac-ancient-israel", "cline-hazor" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-israel-canaan-merneptah", "title": "Israel Becomes Established in Canaan precedes Merneptah Stela Names Israel", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-israel-canaan", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-merneptah", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-israel-canaan", "right": "canonical-event-merneptah", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-israel-canaan", "canonical-event-merneptah" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Israel Becomes Established in Canaan before Merneptah Stela Names Israel.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "ahlstrom-merneptah" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-merneptah-shechem-joshua-death", "title": "Merneptah Stela Names Israel precedes Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-merneptah", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-shechem-joshua-death", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-merneptah", "right": "canonical-event-shechem-joshua-death", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-merneptah", "canonical-event-shechem-joshua-death" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Merneptah Stela Names Israel before Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "ahlstrom-merneptah" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-shechem-joshua-death-judges-dan-migration", "title": "Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua precedes Micah’s Shrine and the Danite Migration", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-shechem-joshua-death", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judges-dan-migration", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-shechem-joshua-death", "right": "canonical-event-judges-dan-migration", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-shechem-joshua-death", "canonical-event-judges-dan-migration" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Covenant Renewal at Shechem and the Death of Joshua before Micah’s Shrine and the Danite Migration.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "ahlstrom-merneptah" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judges-dan-migration-judges-benjamin-war", "title": "Micah’s Shrine and the Danite Migration precedes Gibeah Crisis and the Benjaminite Civil War", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judges-dan-migration", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judges-benjamin-war", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judges-dan-migration", "right": "canonical-event-judges-benjamin-war", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judges-dan-migration", "canonical-event-judges-benjamin-war" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Micah’s Shrine and the Danite Migration before Gibeah Crisis and the Benjaminite Civil War.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judges-benjamin-war-bronze-age-collapse", "title": "Gibeah Crisis and the Benjaminite Civil War precedes The Late Bronze Age Collapse", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judges-benjamin-war", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-bronze-age-collapse", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judges-benjamin-war", "right": "canonical-event-bronze-age-collapse", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judges-benjamin-war", "canonical-event-bronze-age-collapse" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Gibeah Crisis and the Benjaminite Civil War before The Late Bronze Age Collapse.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "cline-hazor" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-bronze-age-collapse-judge-othniel", "title": "The Late Bronze Age Collapse precedes Othniel and the Southern Deliverance", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-bronze-age-collapse", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-othniel", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-bronze-age-collapse", "right": "canonical-event-judge-othniel", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-bronze-age-collapse", "canonical-event-judge-othniel" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Late Bronze Age Collapse before Othniel and the Southern Deliverance.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cline-hazor", "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-othniel-judge-ehud", "title": "Othniel and the Southern Deliverance precedes Ehud and the Moabite Crisis", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-othniel", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-ehud", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judge-othniel", "right": "canonical-event-judge-ehud", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-othniel", "canonical-event-judge-ehud" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Othniel and the Southern Deliverance before Ehud and the Moabite Crisis.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-ehud-philistine-settlement", "title": "Ehud and the Moabite Crisis precedes Philistine Settlement in the Southern Coastal Plain", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-ehud", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-philistine-settlement", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judge-ehud", "right": "canonical-event-philistine-settlement", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-ehud", "canonical-event-philistine-settlement" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Ehud and the Moabite Crisis before Philistine Settlement in the Southern Coastal Plain.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480", "cline-hazor" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-philistine-settlement-judge-shamgar", "title": "Philistine Settlement in the Southern Coastal Plain precedes Shamgar and Local Resistance", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-philistine-settlement", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-shamgar", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-philistine-settlement", "right": "canonical-event-judge-shamgar", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-philistine-settlement", "canonical-event-judge-shamgar" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Philistine Settlement in the Southern Coastal Plain before Shamgar and Local Resistance.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cline-hazor", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-shamgar-judge-deborah-barak", "title": "Shamgar and Local Resistance precedes Deborah, Barak, and the Northern Coalition", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-shamgar", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-deborah-barak", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judge-shamgar", "right": "canonical-event-judge-deborah-barak", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-shamgar", "canonical-event-judge-deborah-barak" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Shamgar and Local Resistance before Deborah, Barak, and the Northern Coalition.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-deborah-barak-judges", "title": "Deborah, Barak, and the Northern Coalition precedes Judges Era: Regional Deliverers and Overlapping Cycles", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-deborah-barak", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judges", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judge-deborah-barak", "right": "canonical-event-judges", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-deborah-barak", "canonical-event-judges" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Deborah, Barak, and the Northern Coalition before Judges Era: Regional Deliverers and Overlapping Cycles.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judges-judge-gideon", "title": "Judges Era: Regional Deliverers and Overlapping Cycles precedes Gideon and the Midianite Raids", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judges", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-gideon", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judges", "right": "canonical-event-judge-gideon", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judges", "canonical-event-judge-gideon" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Judges Era: Regional Deliverers and Overlapping Cycles before Gideon and the Midianite Raids.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-gideon-judge-abimelech", "title": "Gideon and the Midianite Raids precedes Abimelech’s Rule at Shechem", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-gideon", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-abimelech", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judge-gideon", "right": "canonical-event-judge-abimelech", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-gideon", "canonical-event-judge-abimelech" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Gideon and the Midianite Raids before Abimelech’s Rule at Shechem.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-abimelech-judge-tola-jair", "title": "Abimelech’s Rule at Shechem precedes Tola and Jair", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-abimelech", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-tola-jair", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judge-abimelech", "right": "canonical-event-judge-tola-jair", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-abimelech", "canonical-event-judge-tola-jair" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Abimelech’s Rule at Shechem before Tola and Jair.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-tola-jair-judge-jephthah", "title": "Tola and Jair precedes Jephthah, Ammon, and the “Three Hundred Years” Claim", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-tola-jair", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-jephthah", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judge-tola-jair", "right": "canonical-event-judge-jephthah", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-tola-jair", "canonical-event-judge-jephthah" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Tola and Jair before Jephthah, Ammon, and the “Three Hundred Years” Claim.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480", "abr-early-defense" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-jephthah-judge-samson", "title": "Jephthah, Ammon, and the “Three Hundred Years” Claim precedes Samson and the Philistine Frontier", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-jephthah", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-samson", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judge-jephthah", "right": "canonical-event-judge-samson", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-jephthah", "canonical-event-judge-samson" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Jephthah, Ammon, and the “Three Hundred Years” Claim before Samson and the Philistine Frontier.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "laato-480", "abr-early-defense", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-samson-shiloh-samuel", "title": "Samson and the Philistine Frontier precedes Shiloh, Samuel, and the Ark Crisis", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-samson", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-shiloh-samuel", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judge-samson", "right": "canonical-event-shiloh-samuel", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-samson", "canonical-event-shiloh-samuel" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Samson and the Philistine Frontier before Shiloh, Samuel, and the Ark Crisis.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-shiloh-samuel-judge-ibzan-elon-abdon", "title": "Shiloh, Samuel, and the Ark Crisis precedes Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-shiloh-samuel", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-ibzan-elon-abdon", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-shiloh-samuel", "right": "canonical-event-judge-ibzan-elon-abdon", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-shiloh-samuel", "canonical-event-judge-ibzan-elon-abdon" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Shiloh, Samuel, and the Ark Crisis before Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-judge-ibzan-elon-abdon-ruth-judges", "title": "Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon precedes Ruth, Bethlehem, and the Davidic Genealogy", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-judge-ibzan-elon-abdon", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-ruth-judges", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-judge-ibzan-elon-abdon", "right": "canonical-event-ruth-judges", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-judge-ibzan-elon-abdon", "canonical-event-ruth-judges" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon before Ruth, Bethlehem, and the Davidic Genealogy.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "laato-480" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-ruth-judges-ark-captured-aphek", "title": "Ruth, Bethlehem, and the Davidic Genealogy precedes The Ark Captured at Aphek and the Fall of Shiloh", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-ruth-judges", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-ark-captured-aphek", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-ruth-judges", "right": "canonical-event-ark-captured-aphek", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-ruth-judges", "canonical-event-ark-captured-aphek" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Ruth, Bethlehem, and the Davidic Genealogy before The Ark Captured at Aphek and the Fall of Shiloh.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "josephus-antiquities-index" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-ark-captured-aphek-samuel-mizpah", "title": "The Ark Captured at Aphek and the Fall of Shiloh precedes Samuel at Mizpah and the Philistine Reversal", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-ark-captured-aphek", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-samuel-mizpah", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-ark-captured-aphek", "right": "canonical-event-samuel-mizpah", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-ark-captured-aphek", "canonical-event-samuel-mizpah" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Ark Captured at Aphek and the Fall of Shiloh before Samuel at Mizpah and the Philistine Reversal.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "josephus-antiquities-index" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-samuel-mizpah-saul", "title": "Samuel at Mizpah and the Philistine Reversal precedes Saul and the First Monarchy", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-samuel-mizpah", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-saul", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-samuel-mizpah", "right": "canonical-event-saul", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-samuel-mizpah", "canonical-event-saul" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Samuel at Mizpah and the Philistine Reversal before Saul and the First Monarchy.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "josephus-antiquities-index" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Settlement and Monarchy" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-david-captures-jerusalem-ark-davidic-covenant", "title": "David Captures Jerusalem precedes The Ark Brought to Jerusalem and the Davidic Covenant", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-david-captures-jerusalem", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-ark-davidic-covenant", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-david-captures-jerusalem", "right": "canonical-event-ark-davidic-covenant", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-david-captures-jerusalem", "canonical-event-ark-davidic-covenant" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places David Captures Jerusalem before The Ark Brought to Jerusalem and the Davidic Covenant.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "jewish-museum-tel-dan", "met-cyrus-diaspora", "josephus-antiquities-index" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-ark-davidic-covenant-david", "title": "The Ark Brought to Jerusalem and the Davidic Covenant precedes David Makes Jerusalem the Capital", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-ark-davidic-covenant", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-david", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-ark-davidic-covenant", "right": "canonical-event-david", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-ark-davidic-covenant", "canonical-event-david" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Ark Brought to Jerusalem and the Davidic Covenant before David Makes Jerusalem the Capital.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "jewish-museum-tel-dan", "josephus-antiquities-index", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-david-first-temple-dedication", "title": "David Makes Jerusalem the Capital precedes Construction and Dedication of the First Temple", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-david", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-first-temple-dedication", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-david", "right": "canonical-event-first-temple-dedication", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-david", "canonical-event-first-temple-dedication" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places David Makes Jerusalem the Capital before Construction and Dedication of the First Temple.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "met-cyrus-diaspora", "josephus-antiquities-index" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-first-temple-dedication-solomon", "title": "Construction and Dedication of the First Temple precedes Solomon and the First Temple", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-first-temple-dedication", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-solomon", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-first-temple-dedication", "right": "canonical-event-solomon", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-first-temple-dedication", "canonical-event-solomon" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Construction and Dedication of the First Temple before Solomon and the First Temple.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-cyrus-diaspora", "isac-ancient-israel", "josephus-antiquities-index" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-solomon-divided-kingdom", "title": "Solomon and the First Temple precedes The Kingdom Divides", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-solomon", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-divided-kingdom", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-solomon", "right": "canonical-event-divided-kingdom", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-solomon", "canonical-event-divided-kingdom" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Solomon and the First Temple before The Kingdom Divides.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "isac-ancient-israel", "met-assyria" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-divided-kingdom-shoshenq-campaign", "title": "The Kingdom Divides precedes Shoshenq I Campaigns in Judah and Israel", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-divided-kingdom", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-shoshenq-campaign", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-divided-kingdom", "right": "canonical-event-shoshenq-campaign", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-divided-kingdom", "canonical-event-shoshenq-campaign" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Kingdom Divides before Shoshenq I Campaigns in Judah and Israel.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria", "met-east-med", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-shoshenq-campaign-omri-samaria", "title": "Shoshenq I Campaigns in Judah and Israel precedes Omri Founds Samaria", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-shoshenq-campaign", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-omri-samaria", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-shoshenq-campaign", "right": "canonical-event-omri-samaria", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-shoshenq-campaign", "canonical-event-omri-samaria" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Shoshenq I Campaigns in Judah and Israel before Omri Founds Samaria.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-east-med", "isac-ancient-israel", "met-assyria-iberia", "met-assyria" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-omri-samaria-elijah-carmel", "title": "Omri Founds Samaria precedes Elijah and the Mount Carmel Confrontation", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-omri-samaria", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-elijah-carmel", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-omri-samaria", "right": "canonical-event-elijah-carmel", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-omri-samaria", "canonical-event-elijah-carmel" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Omri Founds Samaria before Elijah and the Mount Carmel Confrontation.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria-iberia", "met-assyria", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-elijah-carmel-qarqar", "title": "Elijah and the Mount Carmel Confrontation precedes Ahab at the Battle of Qarqar", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-elijah-carmel", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-qarqar", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-elijah-carmel", "right": "canonical-event-qarqar", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-elijah-carmel", "canonical-event-qarqar" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Elijah and the Mount Carmel Confrontation before Ahab at the Battle of Qarqar.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria-iberia", "isac-ancient-israel", "met-assyria" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-qarqar-jehu", "title": "Ahab at the Battle of Qarqar precedes Jehu Pays Tribute to Assyria", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-qarqar", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jehu", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-qarqar", "right": "canonical-event-jehu", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-qarqar", "canonical-event-jehu" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Ahab at the Battle of Qarqar before Jehu Pays Tribute to Assyria.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria", "bm-black-obelisk" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jehu-mesha-stele", "title": "Jehu Pays Tribute to Assyria precedes The Mesha Stele and Moab’s Revolt", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jehu", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-mesha-stele", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jehu", "right": "canonical-event-mesha-stele", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jehu", "canonical-event-mesha-stele" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Jehu Pays Tribute to Assyria before The Mesha Stele and Moab’s Revolt.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "bm-black-obelisk", "met-assyria", "louvre-mesha", "louvre-mesha-fragments", "met-east-med" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-mesha-stele-tel-dan-stele", "title": "The Mesha Stele and Moab’s Revolt precedes The Tel Dan Stele and the House of David", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-mesha-stele", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-tel-dan-stele", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-mesha-stele", "right": "canonical-event-tel-dan-stele", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-mesha-stele", "canonical-event-tel-dan-stele" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Mesha Stele and Moab’s Revolt before The Tel Dan Stele and the House of David.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "louvre-mesha", "louvre-mesha-fragments", "met-east-med", "jewish-museum-tel-dan" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-tel-dan-stele-elisha-aramean-wars", "title": "The Tel Dan Stele and the House of David precedes Elisha and the Aramean Wars", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-tel-dan-stele", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-elisha-aramean-wars", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-tel-dan-stele", "right": "canonical-event-elisha-aramean-wars", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-tel-dan-stele", "canonical-event-elisha-aramean-wars" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Tel Dan Stele and the House of David before Elisha and the Aramean Wars.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "jewish-museum-tel-dan", "met-east-med", "louvre-mesha", "met-assyria" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-elisha-aramean-wars-jeroboam-uzziah", "title": "Elisha and the Aramean Wars precedes Jeroboam II, Uzziah, and Eighth-Century Prosperity", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-elisha-aramean-wars", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jeroboam-uzziah", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-elisha-aramean-wars", "right": "canonical-event-jeroboam-uzziah", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-elisha-aramean-wars", "canonical-event-jeroboam-uzziah" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Elisha and the Aramean Wars before Jeroboam II, Uzziah, and Eighth-Century Prosperity.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "louvre-mesha", "jewish-museum-tel-dan", "met-assyria", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jeroboam-uzziah-tiglath-pileser", "title": "Jeroboam II, Uzziah, and Eighth-Century Prosperity precedes Tiglath-pileser III Transforms the Levant", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jeroboam-uzziah", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-tiglath-pileser", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jeroboam-uzziah", "right": "canonical-event-tiglath-pileser", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jeroboam-uzziah", "canonical-event-tiglath-pileser" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Jeroboam II, Uzziah, and Eighth-Century Prosperity before Tiglath-pileser III Transforms the Levant.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria", "isac-ancient-israel", "met-east-med" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-tiglath-pileser-syro-ephraimite", "title": "Tiglath-pileser III Transforms the Levant precedes The Syro-Ephraimite Crisis", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-tiglath-pileser", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-syro-ephraimite", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-tiglath-pileser", "right": "canonical-event-syro-ephraimite", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-tiglath-pileser", "canonical-event-syro-ephraimite" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Tiglath-pileser III Transforms the Levant before The Syro-Ephraimite Crisis.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria", "met-east-med", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-syro-ephraimite-assyria-damascus-galilee", "title": "The Syro-Ephraimite Crisis precedes Assyria Captures Damascus and Galilee", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-syro-ephraimite", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-assyria-damascus-galilee", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-syro-ephraimite", "right": "canonical-event-assyria-damascus-galilee", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-syro-ephraimite", "canonical-event-assyria-damascus-galilee" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Syro-Ephraimite Crisis before Assyria Captures Damascus and Galilee.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria", "isac-ancient-israel", "met-east-med" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-assyria-damascus-galilee-samaria-falls", "title": "Assyria Captures Damascus and Galilee precedes Samaria Falls to Assyria", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-assyria-damascus-galilee", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-samaria-falls", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-assyria-damascus-galilee", "right": "canonical-event-samaria-falls", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-assyria-damascus-galilee", "canonical-event-samaria-falls" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Assyria Captures Damascus and Galilee before Samaria Falls to Assyria.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria", "met-east-med" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-samaria-falls-hezekiah-tunnel", "title": "Samaria Falls to Assyria precedes Hezekiah’s Waterworks and the Siloam Inscriptions", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-samaria-falls", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-hezekiah-tunnel", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-samaria-falls", "right": "canonical-event-hezekiah-tunnel", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-samaria-falls", "canonical-event-hezekiah-tunnel" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Samaria Falls to Assyria before Hezekiah’s Waterworks and the Siloam Inscriptions.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria", "met-east-med", "bm-shebna", "bm-sennacherib-prism", "bm-lachish" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-sennacherib-manasseh-reign", "title": "Sennacherib Invades Judah precedes Manasseh’s Reign and Assyrian Vassalage", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-sennacherib", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-manasseh-reign", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-sennacherib", "right": "canonical-event-manasseh-reign", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-sennacherib", "canonical-event-manasseh-reign" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Sennacherib Invades Judah before Manasseh’s Reign and Assyrian Vassalage.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "bm-lachish", "bm-sennacherib-prism", "met-assyria", "met-assyria-iberia" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-manasseh-reign-josiah", "title": "Manasseh’s Reign and Assyrian Vassalage precedes Josiah’s Reform and Assyria’s Collapse", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-manasseh-reign", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-josiah", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-manasseh-reign", "right": "canonical-event-josiah", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-manasseh-reign", "canonical-event-josiah" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Manasseh’s Reign and Assyrian Vassalage before Josiah’s Reform and Assyria’s Collapse.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria", "met-assyria-iberia", "met-east-med" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-josiah-josiah-scroll-passover", "title": "Josiah’s Reform and Assyria’s Collapse precedes The Torah Scroll Discovery and Josiah’s Passover", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-josiah", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-josiah-scroll-passover", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-josiah", "right": "canonical-event-josiah-scroll-passover", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-josiah", "canonical-event-josiah-scroll-passover" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Josiah’s Reform and Assyria’s Collapse before The Torah Scroll Discovery and Josiah’s Passover.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-east-med", "met-assyria", "met-late-egypt", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-josiah-scroll-passover-josiah-death-megiddo", "title": "The Torah Scroll Discovery and Josiah’s Passover precedes Josiah Dies at Megiddo", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-josiah-scroll-passover", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-josiah-death-megiddo", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-josiah-scroll-passover", "right": "canonical-event-josiah-death-megiddo", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-josiah-scroll-passover", "canonical-event-josiah-death-megiddo" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Torah Scroll Discovery and Josiah’s Passover before Josiah Dies at Megiddo.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-assyria", "met-late-egypt", "isac-ancient-israel", "bm-chronicle-general" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-josiah-death-megiddo-carchemish", "title": "Josiah Dies at Megiddo precedes Babylon Defeats Egypt at Carchemish", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-josiah-death-megiddo", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-carchemish", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-josiah-death-megiddo", "right": "canonical-event-carchemish", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-josiah-death-megiddo", "canonical-event-carchemish" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Josiah Dies at Megiddo before Babylon Defeats Egypt at Carchemish.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-late-egypt", "bm-chronicle-general", "met-assyria", "met-east-med", "met-mesopotamia" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-carchemish-jerusalem-586", "title": "Babylon Defeats Egypt at Carchemish precedes Jerusalem and the First Temple Destroyed", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-carchemish", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jerusalem-586", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-carchemish", "right": "canonical-event-jerusalem-586", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-carchemish", "canonical-event-jerusalem-586" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Babylon Defeats Egypt at Carchemish before Jerusalem and the First Temple Destroyed.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-east-med", "met-mesopotamia" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Divided Monarchy and Assyria" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-daniel-first-captives-first-babylonian-exile", "title": "Daniel and the First Judean Captives in Babylon precedes Nebuchadnezzar Captures Jerusalem and Exiles Jehoiachin", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-daniel-first-captives", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-first-babylonian-exile", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-daniel-first-captives", "right": "canonical-event-first-babylonian-exile", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-daniel-first-captives", "canonical-event-first-babylonian-exile" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Daniel and the First Judean Captives in Babylon before Nebuchadnezzar Captures Jerusalem and Exiles Jehoiachin.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "bm-chronicle-general", "met-babylon", "bm-babylon-chronicle-597", "met-mesopotamia" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-first-babylonian-exile-ezekiel-call", "title": "Nebuchadnezzar Captures Jerusalem and Exiles Jehoiachin precedes Ezekiel’s Prophetic Call in Babylon", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-first-babylonian-exile", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-ezekiel-call", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-first-babylonian-exile", "right": "canonical-event-ezekiel-call", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-first-babylonian-exile", "canonical-event-ezekiel-call" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Nebuchadnezzar Captures Jerusalem and Exiles Jehoiachin before Ezekiel’s Prophetic Call in Babylon.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "bm-babylon-chronicle-597", "met-mesopotamia", "met-babylon", "met-cyrus-diaspora" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-ezekiel-call-lachish-letters", "title": "Ezekiel’s Prophetic Call in Babylon precedes The Lachish Letters and Judah’s Final Defense", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-ezekiel-call", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-lachish-letters", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-ezekiel-call", "right": "canonical-event-lachish-letters", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-ezekiel-call", "canonical-event-lachish-letters" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Ezekiel’s Prophetic Call in Babylon before The Lachish Letters and Judah’s Final Defense.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "bm-babylon-chronicle-597", "met-babylon", "met-cyrus-diaspora", "bm-lachish-letter1", "bm-lachish-letter2" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-lachish-letters-jerusalem-fall-reported-ezekiel", "title": "The Lachish Letters and Judah’s Final Defense precedes Jerusalem’s Fall Reported to Ezekiel", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-lachish-letters", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jerusalem-fall-reported-ezekiel", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-lachish-letters", "right": "canonical-event-jerusalem-fall-reported-ezekiel", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-lachish-letters", "canonical-event-jerusalem-fall-reported-ezekiel" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Lachish Letters and Judah’s Final Defense before Jerusalem’s Fall Reported to Ezekiel.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "bm-lachish-letter1", "bm-lachish-letter2", "bm-babylon-chronicle-597", "met-babylon", "met-cyrus-diaspora" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jerusalem-fall-reported-ezekiel-gedaliah-aftermath", "title": "Jerusalem’s Fall Reported to Ezekiel precedes Gedaliah, Mizpah, and the Aftermath of Destruction", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jerusalem-fall-reported-ezekiel", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-gedaliah-aftermath", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jerusalem-fall-reported-ezekiel", "right": "canonical-event-gedaliah-aftermath", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jerusalem-fall-reported-ezekiel", "canonical-event-gedaliah-aftermath" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Jerusalem’s Fall Reported to Ezekiel before Gedaliah, Mizpah, and the Aftermath of Destruction.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "bm-babylon-chronicle-597", "met-babylon", "met-cyrus-diaspora", "met-mesopotamia", "isac-ancient-israel" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-gedaliah-aftermath-jehoiachin-released", "title": "Gedaliah, Mizpah, and the Aftermath of Destruction precedes Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Imprisonment", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-gedaliah-aftermath", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jehoiachin-released", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-gedaliah-aftermath", "right": "canonical-event-jehoiachin-released", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-gedaliah-aftermath", "canonical-event-jehoiachin-released" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Gedaliah, Mizpah, and the Aftermath of Destruction before Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Imprisonment.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-mesopotamia", "isac-ancient-israel", "met-babylon", "bm-babylon-chronicle-597", "met-cyrus-diaspora" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jehoiachin-released-zerubbabel-return", "title": "Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Imprisonment precedes Return under Sheshbazzar and Zerubbabel", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jehoiachin-released", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-zerubbabel-return", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jehoiachin-released", "right": "canonical-event-zerubbabel-return", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jehoiachin-released", "canonical-event-zerubbabel-return" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Imprisonment before Return under Sheshbazzar and Zerubbabel.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-babylon", "bm-babylon-chronicle-597", "met-cyrus-diaspora", "met-achaemenid", "bm-cyrus-cylinder" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Exile and Restoration" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-cyrus-second-temple", "title": "Cyrus Conquers Babylon and Authorizes Return precedes The Second Temple Completed", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-cyrus", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-second-temple", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-cyrus", "right": "canonical-event-second-temple", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-cyrus", "canonical-event-second-temple" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Cyrus Conquers Babylon and Authorizes Return before The Second Temple Completed.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-achaemenid", "met-east-med" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-second-temple-esther-persian-court", "title": "The Second Temple Completed precedes Esther at the Persian Court", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-second-temple", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-esther-persian-court", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-second-temple", "right": "canonical-event-esther-persian-court", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-second-temple", "canonical-event-esther-persian-court" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Second Temple Completed before Esther at the Persian Court.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-achaemenid", "met-east-med", "met-cyrus-diaspora" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-esther-persian-court-purim-crisis", "title": "Esther at the Persian Court precedes Haman’s Plot and the Institution of Purim", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-esther-persian-court", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-purim-crisis", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-esther-persian-court", "right": "canonical-event-purim-crisis", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-esther-persian-court", "canonical-event-purim-crisis" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Esther at the Persian Court before Haman’s Plot and the Institution of Purim.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-achaemenid", "met-cyrus-diaspora" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-purim-crisis-ezra-nehemiah", "title": "Haman’s Plot and the Institution of Purim precedes Ezra and Nehemiah", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-purim-crisis", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-ezra-nehemiah", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-purim-crisis", "right": "canonical-event-ezra-nehemiah", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-purim-crisis", "canonical-event-ezra-nehemiah" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Haman’s Plot and the Institution of Purim before Ezra and Nehemiah.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-achaemenid" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-elephantine-community-nehemiah-wall", "title": "The Judean Community and Temple at Elephantine precedes Nehemiah Rebuilds Jerusalem’s Wall", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-elephantine-community", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-nehemiah-wall", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-elephantine-community", "right": "canonical-event-nehemiah-wall", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-elephantine-community", "canonical-event-nehemiah-wall" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Judean Community and Temple at Elephantine before Nehemiah Rebuilds Jerusalem’s Wall.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-elephantine", "asor-elephantine", "met-achaemenid", "met-cyrus-diaspora" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-nehemiah-wall-malachi-late-persian", "title": "Nehemiah Rebuilds Jerusalem’s Wall precedes Malachi and the Late Persian Community", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-nehemiah-wall", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-malachi-late-persian", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-nehemiah-wall", "right": "canonical-event-malachi-late-persian", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-nehemiah-wall", "canonical-event-malachi-late-persian" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Nehemiah Rebuilds Jerusalem’s Wall before Malachi and the Late Persian Community.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-achaemenid", "met-cyrus-diaspora", "asor-elephantine" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-malachi-late-persian-alexander", "title": "Malachi and the Late Persian Community precedes Alexander Conquers the Levant", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-malachi-late-persian", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-alexander", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-malachi-late-persian", "right": "canonical-event-alexander", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-malachi-late-persian", "canonical-event-alexander" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Malachi and the Late Persian Community before Alexander Conquers the Levant.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-achaemenid", "met-cyrus-diaspora", "asor-elephantine", "met-seleucid", "met-east-med" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-alexander-maccabees", "title": "Alexander Conquers the Levant precedes Maccabean Revolt and Temple Rededication", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-alexander", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-maccabees", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-alexander", "right": "canonical-event-maccabees", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-alexander", "canonical-event-maccabees" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Alexander Conquers the Levant before Maccabean Revolt and Temple Rededication.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-seleucid", "met-east-med", "bas-maccabees" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-maccabees-pompey", "title": "Maccabean Revolt and Temple Rededication precedes Pompey Enters Jerusalem", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-maccabees", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-pompey", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-maccabees", "right": "canonical-event-pompey", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-maccabees", "canonical-event-pompey" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Maccabean Revolt and Temple Rededication before Pompey Enters Jerusalem.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-seleucid", "bas-maccabees", "met-east-med", "met-world-empires" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Second Temple Period" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-septuagint-origins-ptolemaic-seleucid-judea", "title": "The Greek Translation of Jewish Scripture precedes Judea between the Ptolemies and Seleucids", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-septuagint-origins", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-ptolemaic-seleucid-judea", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-septuagint-origins", "right": "canonical-event-ptolemaic-seleucid-judea", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-septuagint-origins", "canonical-event-ptolemaic-seleucid-judea" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Greek Translation of Jewish Scripture before Judea between the Ptolemies and Seleucids.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Hellenistic and Roman Judea" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "codex-sinaiticus", "wacholder-lxx-440", "met-seleucid", "met-east-med" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Hellenistic and Roman Judea" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-ptolemaic-seleucid-judea-hasmonean-state", "title": "Judea between the Ptolemies and Seleucids precedes Hasmonean Independence and Expansion", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-ptolemaic-seleucid-judea", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-hasmonean-state", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-ptolemaic-seleucid-judea", "right": "canonical-event-hasmonean-state", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-ptolemaic-seleucid-judea", "canonical-event-hasmonean-state" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Judea between the Ptolemies and Seleucids before Hasmonean Independence and Expansion.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Hellenistic and Roman Judea" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-seleucid", "met-east-med", "bas-maccabees" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Hellenistic and Roman Judea" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-dead-sea-scrolls-community-herod-temple", "title": "The Dead Sea Scrolls and Second Temple Jewish Diversity precedes Herod Rebuilds and Expands the Jerusalem Temple", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-dead-sea-scrolls-community", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-herod-temple", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-dead-sea-scrolls-community", "right": "canonical-event-herod-temple", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-dead-sea-scrolls-community", "canonical-event-herod-temple" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Dead Sea Scrolls and Second Temple Jewish Diversity before Herod Rebuilds and Expands the Jerusalem Temple.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Hellenistic and Roman Judea" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "israel-museum-dss", "iaa-dss-library", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "met-east-med" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Hellenistic and Roman Judea" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-herod-temple-augustus-principate", "title": "Herod Rebuilds and Expands the Jerusalem Temple precedes Augustus and the Roman Imperial Order", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-herod-temple", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-augustus-principate", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-herod-temple", "right": "canonical-event-augustus-principate", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-herod-temple", "canonical-event-augustus-principate" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Herod Rebuilds and Expands the Jerusalem Temple before Augustus and the Roman Imperial Order.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Hellenistic and Roman Judea" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-herod-consensus", "met-east-med", "met-world-empires" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Hellenistic and Roman Judea" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-augustus-principate-quirinius-census", "title": "Augustus and the Roman Imperial Order precedes Quirinius, the Census, and the Annexation of Judea", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-augustus-principate", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-quirinius-census", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-augustus-principate", "right": "canonical-event-quirinius-census", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-augustus-principate", "canonical-event-quirinius-census" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Augustus and the Roman Imperial Order before Quirinius, the Census, and the Annexation of Judea.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Hellenistic and Roman Judea" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-world-empires", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Hellenistic and Roman Judea" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-herod-birth-jesus", "title": "Herod the Great Rules Judea precedes Birth of Jesus", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-herod", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-birth-jesus", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-herod", "right": "canonical-event-birth-jesus", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-herod", "canonical-event-birth-jesus" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Herod the Great Rules Judea before Birth of Jesus.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-world-empires", "cambridge-herod-minority", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "heiser-sept11", "heiser-podcast138", "vatican-rev12" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jesus-presentation-magi", "title": "Presentation of Jesus in the Temple precedes The Magi Visit the Young Jesus", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jesus-presentation", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-magi", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jesus-presentation", "right": "canonical-event-magi", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jesus-presentation", "canonical-event-magi" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Presentation of Jesus in the Temple before The Magi Visit the Young Jesus.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-jesus-context", "heiser-sept11", "heiser-podcast138", "vatican-rev12" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-flight-egypt-herod-death", "title": "Flight into Egypt precedes Death of Herod the Great", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-flight-egypt", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-herod-death", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-flight-egypt", "right": "canonical-event-herod-death", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-flight-egypt", "canonical-event-herod-death" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Flight into Egypt before Death of Herod the Great.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-jesus-context", "cambridge-herod-minority", "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-consensus" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-return-nazareth-jesus-age-twelve", "title": "Return from Egypt and Settlement in Nazareth precedes Jesus in the Temple at Age Twelve", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-return-nazareth", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jesus-age-twelve", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-return-nazareth", "right": "canonical-event-jesus-age-twelve", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-return-nazareth", "canonical-event-jesus-age-twelve" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Return from Egypt and Settlement in Nazareth before Jesus in the Temple at Age Twelve.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant17", "cambridge-herod-minority", "cambridge-herod-consensus", "cambridge-jesus-context" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jesus-age-twelve-tiberius-pilate", "title": "Jesus in the Temple at Age Twelve precedes Tiberius, Pontius Pilate, and Roman Judea", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jesus-age-twelve", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-tiberius-pilate", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jesus-age-twelve", "right": "canonical-event-tiberius-pilate", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jesus-age-twelve", "canonical-event-tiberius-pilate" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Jesus in the Temple at Age Twelve before Tiberius, Pontius Pilate, and Roman Judea.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-jesus-context", "cambridge-crucifixion" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-tiberius-pilate-john-baptist", "title": "Tiberius, Pontius Pilate, and Roman Judea precedes John the Baptist’s Ministry", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-tiberius-pilate", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-john-baptist", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-tiberius-pilate", "right": "canonical-event-john-baptist", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-tiberius-pilate", "canonical-event-john-baptist" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Tiberius, Pontius Pilate, and Roman Judea before John the Baptist’s Ministry.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-jesus-context", "cambridge-crucifixion" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jesus-baptism-john-baptist-death", "title": "Baptism of Jesus precedes Death of John the Baptist", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jesus-baptism", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-john-baptist-death", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jesus-baptism", "right": "canonical-event-john-baptist-death", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jesus-baptism", "canonical-event-john-baptist-death" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Baptism of Jesus before Death of John the Baptist.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-jesus-context", "josephus-ant18" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-ministry-triumphal-entry", "title": "Ministry of Jesus precedes Triumphal Entry and the Final Jerusalem Week", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-ministry", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-triumphal-entry", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-ministry", "right": "canonical-event-triumphal-entry", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-ministry", "canonical-event-triumphal-entry" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Ministry of Jesus before Triumphal Entry and the Final Jerusalem Week.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-jesus-context", "met-world-empires", "tyndale-tiberius-fifteenth", "mohr-feasts-john", "cambridge-diatessaron-chronology", "cambridge-crucifixion" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Life of Jesus" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-ascension-pentecost-jerusalem-church-growth", "title": "Ascension and Pentecost precedes Growth of the Jerusalem Community", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-ascension-pentecost", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jerusalem-church-growth", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-ascension-pentecost", "right": "canonical-event-jerusalem-church-growth", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-ascension-pentecost", "canonical-event-jerusalem-church-growth" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Ascension and Pentecost before Growth of the Jerusalem Community.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-acts-chronology", "cambridge-jesus-context", "cambridge-paul-life" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jerusalem-church-growth-stephen-martyrdom", "title": "Growth of the Jerusalem Community precedes Stephen’s Death and the Dispersion", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jerusalem-church-growth", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-stephen-martyrdom", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jerusalem-church-growth", "right": "canonical-event-stephen-martyrdom", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jerusalem-church-growth", "canonical-event-stephen-martyrdom" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Growth of the Jerusalem Community before Stephen’s Death and the Dispersion.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-acts-chronology", "cambridge-paul-life" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-stephen-martyrdom-paul-conversion", "title": "Stephen’s Death and the Dispersion precedes Conversion and Call of Paul", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-stephen-martyrdom", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-conversion", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-stephen-martyrdom", "right": "canonical-event-paul-conversion", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-stephen-martyrdom", "canonical-event-paul-conversion" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Stephen’s Death and the Dispersion before Conversion and Call of Paul.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-acts-chronology", "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-paul-writings" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-paul-conversion-paul-first-jerusalem", "title": "Conversion and Call of Paul precedes Paul’s First Post-Conversion Jerusalem Visit", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-conversion", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-first-jerusalem", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-paul-conversion", "right": "canonical-event-paul-first-jerusalem", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-paul-conversion", "canonical-event-paul-first-jerusalem" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Conversion and Call of Paul before Paul’s First Post-Conversion Jerusalem Visit.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-paul-writings", "cambridge-acts-chronology" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-paul-first-jerusalem-cornelius-gentile-mission", "title": "Paul’s First Post-Conversion Jerusalem Visit precedes Cornelius and the Opening of the Gentile Mission", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-first-jerusalem", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-cornelius-gentile-mission", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-paul-first-jerusalem", "right": "canonical-event-cornelius-gentile-mission", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-paul-first-jerusalem", "canonical-event-cornelius-gentile-mission" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Paul’s First Post-Conversion Jerusalem Visit before Cornelius and the Opening of the Gentile Mission.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-acts-chronology", "met-world-empires" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-cornelius-gentile-mission-antioch-church", "title": "Cornelius and the Opening of the Gentile Mission precedes The Church at Antioch", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-cornelius-gentile-mission", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-antioch-church", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-cornelius-gentile-mission", "right": "canonical-event-antioch-church", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-cornelius-gentile-mission", "canonical-event-antioch-church" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Cornelius and the Opening of the Gentile Mission before The Church at Antioch.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-acts-chronology", "met-world-empires", "cambridge-paul-life" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-antioch-church-james-zebedee-peter-prison", "title": "The Church at Antioch precedes James Son of Zebedee Killed and Peter Imprisoned", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-antioch-church", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-james-zebedee-peter-prison", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-antioch-church", "right": "canonical-event-james-zebedee-peter-prison", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-antioch-church", "canonical-event-james-zebedee-peter-prison" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Church at Antioch before James Son of Zebedee Killed and Peter Imprisoned.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-acts-chronology", "josephus-ant19" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-agrippa-i-death-paul-first-journey", "title": "Death of Herod Agrippa I precedes Paul’s First Missionary Journey", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-agrippa-i-death", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-first-journey", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-agrippa-i-death", "right": "canonical-event-paul-first-journey", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-agrippa-i-death", "canonical-event-paul-first-journey" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Death of Herod Agrippa I before Paul’s First Missionary Journey.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant19", "cambridge-acts-chronology", "cambridge-paul-life" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-paul-first-journey-jerusalem-council", "title": "Paul’s First Missionary Journey precedes The Jerusalem Council", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-first-journey", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jerusalem-council", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-paul-first-journey", "right": "canonical-event-jerusalem-council", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-paul-first-journey", "canonical-event-jerusalem-council" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Paul’s First Missionary Journey before The Jerusalem Council.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-acts-chronology" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jerusalem-council-paul-second-journey", "title": "The Jerusalem Council precedes Paul’s Second Missionary Journey", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jerusalem-council", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-second-journey", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jerusalem-council", "right": "canonical-event-paul-second-journey", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jerusalem-council", "canonical-event-paul-second-journey" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Jerusalem Council before Paul’s Second Missionary Journey.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-acts-chronology", "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-paul-corinth", "cambridge-paul-writings" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-paul-second-journey-gallio-corinth", "title": "Paul’s Second Missionary Journey precedes Paul before Gallio at Corinth", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-second-journey", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-gallio-corinth", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-paul-second-journey", "right": "canonical-event-gallio-corinth", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-paul-second-journey", "canonical-event-gallio-corinth" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Paul’s Second Missionary Journey before Paul before Gallio at Corinth.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-paul-corinth", "cambridge-paul-writings", "cambridge-acts-chronology" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-gallio-corinth-paul-third-journey", "title": "Paul before Gallio at Corinth precedes Paul’s Third Journey and Ephesian Ministry", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-gallio-corinth", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-third-journey", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-gallio-corinth", "right": "canonical-event-paul-third-journey", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-gallio-corinth", "canonical-event-paul-third-journey" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Paul before Gallio at Corinth before Paul’s Third Journey and Ephesian Ministry.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-paul-corinth", "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-acts-chronology", "cambridge-paul-writings" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-paul-third-journey-paul-arrest-jerusalem", "title": "Paul’s Third Journey and Ephesian Ministry precedes Paul Arrested in Jerusalem", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-third-journey", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-arrest-jerusalem", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-paul-third-journey", "right": "canonical-event-paul-arrest-jerusalem", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-paul-third-journey", "canonical-event-paul-arrest-jerusalem" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Paul’s Third Journey and Ephesian Ministry before Paul Arrested in Jerusalem.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-paul-writings", "cambridge-paul-corinth", "cambridge-acts-chronology" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-paul-arrest-jerusalem-paul-caesarea-imprisonment", "title": "Paul Arrested in Jerusalem precedes Paul Imprisoned at Caesarea", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-arrest-jerusalem", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-caesarea-imprisonment", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-paul-arrest-jerusalem", "right": "canonical-event-paul-caesarea-imprisonment", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-paul-arrest-jerusalem", "canonical-event-paul-caesarea-imprisonment" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Paul Arrested in Jerusalem before Paul Imprisoned at Caesarea.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-paul-writings", "cambridge-acts-chronology", "met-world-empires" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-paul-caesarea-imprisonment-paul-voyage-shipwreck", "title": "Paul Imprisoned at Caesarea precedes Paul’s Voyage and Shipwreck", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-caesarea-imprisonment", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-voyage-shipwreck", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-paul-caesarea-imprisonment", "right": "canonical-event-paul-voyage-shipwreck", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-paul-caesarea-imprisonment", "canonical-event-paul-voyage-shipwreck" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Paul Imprisoned at Caesarea before Paul’s Voyage and Shipwreck.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-acts-chronology", "cambridge-paul-life", "met-world-empires" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-paul-voyage-shipwreck-paul-rome-imprisonment", "title": "Paul’s Voyage and Shipwreck precedes Paul’s First Roman Imprisonment", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-voyage-shipwreck", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-rome-imprisonment", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-paul-voyage-shipwreck", "right": "canonical-event-paul-rome-imprisonment", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-paul-voyage-shipwreck", "canonical-event-paul-rome-imprisonment" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Paul’s Voyage and Shipwreck before Paul’s First Roman Imprisonment.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-acts-chronology", "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-paul-writings" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-paul-rome-imprisonment-james-brother-death", "title": "Paul’s First Roman Imprisonment precedes Death of James, Brother of Jesus", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-paul-rome-imprisonment", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-james-brother-death", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-paul-rome-imprisonment", "right": "canonical-event-james-brother-death", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-paul-rome-imprisonment", "canonical-event-james-brother-death" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Paul’s First Roman Imprisonment before Death of James, Brother of Jesus.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-paul-writings", "cambridge-acts-chronology", "josephus-ant20" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-james-brother-death-neronian-persecution", "title": "Death of James, Brother of Jesus precedes The Neronian Persecution at Rome", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-james-brother-death", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-neronian-persecution", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-james-brother-death", "right": "canonical-event-neronian-persecution", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-james-brother-death", "canonical-event-neronian-persecution" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Death of James, Brother of Jesus before The Neronian Persecution at Rome.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "josephus-ant20", "cambridge-paul-life", "met-world-empires" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-neronian-persecution-peter-paul-deaths", "title": "The Neronian Persecution at Rome precedes Probable Deaths of Peter and Paul", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-neronian-persecution", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-peter-paul-deaths", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-neronian-persecution", "right": "canonical-event-peter-paul-deaths", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-neronian-persecution", "canonical-event-peter-paul-deaths" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The Neronian Persecution at Rome before Probable Deaths of Peter and Paul.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "met-world-empires", "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-paul-writings" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-peter-paul-deaths-first-jewish-revolt", "title": "Probable Deaths of Peter and Paul precedes The First Jewish Revolt", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-peter-paul-deaths", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-first-jewish-revolt", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-peter-paul-deaths", "right": "canonical-event-first-jewish-revolt", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-peter-paul-deaths", "canonical-event-first-jewish-revolt" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Probable Deaths of Peter and Paul before The First Jewish Revolt.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "cambridge-paul-life", "cambridge-paul-writings", "met-world-empires", "josephus-war6", "bm-first-revolt", "met-world-empires-gallery" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-first-jewish-revolt-jerusalem-temple-destroyed-70", "title": "The First Jewish Revolt precedes Jerusalem and the Second Temple Destroyed", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-first-jewish-revolt", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-jerusalem-temple-destroyed-70", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-first-jewish-revolt", "right": "canonical-event-jerusalem-temple-destroyed-70", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-first-jewish-revolt", "canonical-event-jerusalem-temple-destroyed-70" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places The First Jewish Revolt before Jerusalem and the Second Temple Destroyed.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "josephus-war6", "bm-first-revolt", "met-world-empires-gallery", "met-world-empires" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-jerusalem-temple-destroyed-70-masada-falls", "title": "Jerusalem and the Second Temple Destroyed precedes Fall of Masada", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-jerusalem-temple-destroyed-70", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-masada-falls", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-jerusalem-temple-destroyed-70", "right": "canonical-event-masada-falls", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-jerusalem-temple-destroyed-70", "canonical-event-masada-falls" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Jerusalem and the Second Temple Destroyed before Fall of Masada.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "josephus-war6", "bm-first-revolt", "met-world-empires-gallery", "met-world-empires" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } }, { "id": "canonical-order-masada-falls-bar-kokhba-revolt", "title": "Fall of Masada precedes The Bar Kokhba Revolt", "category": "historical-tension", "severity": "major", "condition": { "all": [ { "claim": "canonical-event-masada-falls", "state": "affirmed" }, { "claim": "canonical-event-bar-kokhba-revolt", "state": "affirmed" } ] }, "constraint": { "type": "temporal", "left": "canonical-event-masada-falls", "right": "canonical-event-bar-kokhba-revolt", "relation": "before", "minGapDays": 1 }, "claims": [ "canonical-event-masada-falls", "canonical-event-bar-kokhba-revolt" ], "message": "The canonical project ordering places Fall of Masada before The Bar Kokhba Revolt.", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ], "authoredBy": "Canonical ingestion pipeline", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "reviewStatus": "generated-reviewable", "sourceIds": [ "bm-first-revolt", "met-world-empires-gallery", "met-world-empires" ], "provenance": { "rationale": "Generated from consecutive dated events in the canonical timeline dataset.", "introducedVersion": "15.2", "authority": "project chronology", "scope": [ "Acts and Early Christianity" ] } } ], "formalEdges": [ { "from": "terru-is-terah", "to": "abraham-call-date", "type": "depends" }, { "from": "joseph-hyksos", "to": "joseph-date-hyksos", "type": "implies" }, { "from": "exodus-early", "to": "entry-early", "type": "derives" }, { "from": "exodus-late", "to": "entry-late", "type": "derives" }, { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "rev12-calendrical", "type": "depends" }, { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "tishri1-identification", "type": "depends" }, { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "royal-star-sequence", "type": "depends" }, { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "herod-death-1", "type": "depends" }, { "from": "magi-visit-project", "to": "birth-sept11-3", "type": "derived-from" }, { "from": "flight-project", "to": "magi-visit-project", "type": "derived-from" }, { "from": "return-project", "to": "herod-death-1", "type": "derived-from" }, { "from": "birth-used-to-prove-herod1", "to": "herod-death-1", "type": "supports" }, { "from": "herod-death-1", "to": "birth-sept11-3", "type": "supports-model", "when": "birth-used-to-prove-herod1" }, { "from": "birth-sept11-3", "to": "birth-used-to-prove-herod1", "type": "enables" } ] }